Countries by GNI (current US$)

Ranking 2024

Analysis

Gross national income measures the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. As defined by the World Bank: 'Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time.' Values here are in absolute current US dollars, with no inflation adjustment applied. The dataset covers 205 countries; 203 of 205 (99.0%) have data from the last seven years, 190 of 205 (92.7%) have data from the latest year (2024), and 100% of datapoints are classified as official. Twenty extreme outliers were identified using a 3-standard-deviation threshold.

The United States (rank 1) recorded $29.19 trillion, well ahead of China (rank 2) at $18.62 trillion. Germany (rank 3, $4.85 trillion), Japan (rank 4, $4.29 trillion), and India (rank 5, $3.85 trillion) follow at a considerable distance. The United Kingdom (rank 6, $3.66 trillion) and France (rank 7, $3.22 trillion) round out the top seven. Large, high-income economies with substantial domestic activity and significant cross-border income flows tend to cluster at the top of this ranking.

Israel (rank 26, $535.8 billion) ranks notably higher than larger economies might suggest by population alone, while Singapore (rank 34, $458.4 billion) and Ireland (rank 35, $457.7 billion) appear near each other at values that reflect significant cross-border income flows relevant to GNI measurement. Hong Kong SAR, China (rank 36, $445.4 billion) sits just above Denmark (rank 37, $438.1 billion). In the lower middle of the ranking, countries such as Uzbekistan (rank 66, $116.1 billion) and Guatemala (rank 67, $111.6 billion) are closely grouped. Cuba (rank 69) is recorded at exactly $101,873,600,000, a rounded figure suggesting a data quality distinction from surrounding entries.

Because values are in current US dollars, exchange rate movements can substantially shift a country's ranking from year to year without any change in real economic output. GNI differs from GDP in that it includes income earned abroad by residents and excludes income earned domestically by non-residents; for countries with large migrant worker populations or significant foreign investment income, this distinction can be material. The 20 extreme outliers identified in the viability check indicate that a small number of countries have values that diverge sharply from the distribution, which can compress visual comparisons across the full range. Some entries, such as Cuba (rank 69) and El Salvador (rank 108, $33,108,710,000), show rounded figures that may indicate estimation rather than direct measurement. The absence of data for the current year for 15 of 205 countries means those entries rely on prior-year figures.

Methodology

Data are drawn from the World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator code NY.GNP.MKTP.CD, for the reference year 2024. The metric is defined as follows: 'Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time.' Values are absolute current US dollars; higher values indicate greater total national income. The dataset covers 205 countries. Coverage viability: 203 of 205 countries (99.0%) have data from within the last seven years; 190 of 205 (92.7%) have data specifically from 2024. All datapoints (100%) are classified as official quality. The viability check identified 20 extreme outliers at the 3-standard-deviation threshold, and average year-over-year change across the dataset is 9.0%. The raw value range spans from $84,217,404 (Tuvalu, rank 205) to $29,194,127,000,000 (United States, rank 1), a spread of approximately 34,665,095%.

Sources

• World Bank