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Economy
Countries by average monthly salary
Did you know the average monthly salary in the world's highest-paying countries is more than 50 times higher than in the lowest? The global wage gap is far wider than most people ever see in a single chart.
Countries by cost of living index
Did you know relocating from one of the world's most expensive cities to a mid-range country can effectively double your purchasing power overnight? Cost of living shapes quality of life as powerfully as income itself.
Countries by GDP growth rate
Did you know some of the world's fastest-growing economies are smaller nations you rarely hear about in financial headlines? Growth rate reveals which countries are quietly becoming powerhouses.
Countries by GDP (Nominal)
Did you know the US economy alone is larger than the next three countries combined? Nominal GDP measures a country's total economic firepower in today's dollars — no adjustments, no illusions.
Countries by GDP per capita
Did you know some small nations with no natural resources rank among the world's richest per capita? The secret has everything to do with institutions, education, and economic policy — not luck.
Countries by GDP (PPP)
Did you know China surpasses the US when GDP is adjusted for what money actually buys? PPP strips away currency distortions to reveal the true scale of each economy.
Countries by public debt (% of GDP)
Did you know Japan's public debt exceeds 250% of its GDP, yet it still functions as a global economic anchor? Debt ratios tell a complicated — and often counterintuitive — story about fiscal risk.
Countries by Consumer price index (2010 = 100)
South Sudan ranks 1st with a consumer price index of 41,280.7 (2010=100), meaning prices have risen more than 400-fold relative to the 2010 baseline. At the other end, the Cayman Islands ranks 189th with a value of 102.9, indicating prices have barely moved since 2010. The gap between these two extremes spans roughly 40,000 percentage points, reflecting vastly different inflation trajectories across the 189 countries covered.
Countries by Human capital index plus (HCI+): education pillar score, female (scale 0”“188)
Korea, Rep. ranks first in the Human Capital Index Plus (HCI+) education pillar score for females with a value of 170.73 out of a possible 188, while Afghanistan places last at 16.65. The gap of more than 154 points between first and last reflects the extreme variation in female educational attainment and learning quality across 177 countries. This metric captures both years of schooling and the quality of learning outcomes across all levels of formal education.
Countries by Human capital index plus (HCI+): education pillar score, male (scale 0”“188)
Korea, Rep. leads 178 countries on the Human Capital Index Plus education pillar score for males with a value of 170.83, while Niger ranks last at 31.87. That gap of nearly 139 points across the same 0-188 scale reflects the full breadth of variation in male educational human capital worldwide. The ranking covers formal schooling from pre-school through tertiary levels, adjusted for learning quality.
Countries by Human capital index plus (HCI+): education pillar score, total (scale 0”“188)
Singapore leads the 2025 Human Capital Index Plus (HCI+) education pillar ranking with a score of 179.37 out of a possible 188, while Niger sits at the opposite end with 30.04. The gap of more than 149 points between the top and bottom reflects deep differences in access to schooling at every level and in measurable learning quality across 181 countries. This metric captures both how long students stay in school and how much they actually learn.
Countries by Human capital index plus (HCI+): overall score, female (scale 0”“325)
Estonia ranks first in the female Human Capital Index Plus (HCI+) with a score of 268.88 out of a possible 325, placing it marginally ahead of the Netherlands (268.00) and Sweden (268.00). At the other end, Afghanistan scores 40.85, with Yemen (41.11) and Djibouti (56.63) also in the lowest tier. The gap of roughly 228 points between the top and bottom reflects stark differences in health, education, and wage employment access for women across countries.
Countries by Human capital index plus (HCI+): overall score, male (scale 0”“325)
The Netherlands ranks first on the Human Capital Index Plus (HCI+) overall score for males, posting a value of 273.30 out of a maximum 325. At the other end, Djibouti records 89.15, the lowest among all 170 countries measured. The 184-point gap between top and bottom reflects the wide disparity in health, education, and on-the-job learning contributions to male worker productivity across the globe.
Countries by Human capital index plus (HCI+): overall score, total (scale 0”“325)
Japan leads the 176-country Human Capital Index Plus ranking with a score of 283.79, followed closely by Singapore at 282.37. At the other end, Djibouti scores 72.43, meaning the gap between the top and bottom spans more than 211 points on a 0-to-325 scale. That spread reflects stark differences in how effectively countries convert health, education, and employment into worker productivity.
Countries by Final consumption expenditure (current US$)
The United States ranks first in final consumption expenditure with $23.83 trillion, more than double second-ranked China at $10.60 trillion. At the other end, Palau records $339.1 million, making the gap between first and last place more than 70,000-fold. The ranking spans 180 countries and reflects the total scale of resident spending on goods and services in current US dollars.
Countries by Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$)
The United States recorded final consumption expenditure of $18.67 trillion in constant 2015 US dollars, placing it first among 178 countries. At the other end, Palau recorded $266.6 million, meaning the top country spent roughly 70,000 times more than the bottom. That gap reflects the enormous range in population size, national income, and economic structure captured across this ranking.
Countries by Final consumption expenditure (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in final consumption expenditure expressed in constant local currency units, recording a value of 42,854,237,808,461,200. At the other end of the scale, Marshall Islands ranks 172nd with just 270,506,030. The gap between these two figures spans more than 15.8 trillion percent, reflecting the fundamental incomparability of national currency units across countries.
Countries by Final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Kiribati ranks 1st with final consumption expenditure at 169.2% of GDP, meaning spending by households, government, and other resident units far exceeds domestic output. At the other end, Qatar records 32.4%, the lowest of 180 countries measured. The 136-percentage-point gap between these two extremes reflects the wide structural differences in how economies generate and spend income.
Countries by Gross national expenditure (current US$)
The United States ranks first in gross national expenditure in 2024 with $30.1 trillion, nearly 66% more than second-ranked China at $18.2 trillion. At the other end, the Marshall Islands ranks 177th with $413.6 million. The gap between first and last spans more than 72,800 times in absolute value.
Countries by Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$)
The United States ranks first in gross national expenditure at $23.75 trillion in constant 2015 US dollars, more than 72 times the value recorded by last-ranked Marshall Islands at roughly $327 million. China sits second at $17.48 trillion, the only other country within half the US figure. That spread across 175 countries reflects the extreme concentration of national spending among a small group of large economies.
Countries by Gross national expenditure (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in gross national expenditure expressed in constant local currency units, recording a value of 76,584,019,223,905,700. At the opposite end, Marshall Islands ranks 166th with just 326,934,412. The gap between them spans more than 23 quadrillion percent, a figure that reflects differences in currency denomination and scale rather than economic size alone.
Countries by Gross national expenditure (% of GDP)
Kiribati ranks first in gross national expenditure as a share of GDP at 195.0%, meaning its combined household consumption, government spending, and capital formation far exceeds its domestic output. At the other end, Macao SAR, China ranks 177th at just 57.7%. The 137-percentage-point gap reflects the difference between economies heavily reliant on external transfers or aid and those generating far more output than they spend domestically.
Countries by Exports of goods and services (current US$)
China ranks 1st in exports of goods and services with $3.75 trillion, followed by the United States at $3.19 trillion. At the other end, Kiribati records just $17.1 million, placing 187th. The gap between the top and bottom represents a spread of over 21,965,308%, reflecting the vast differences in economic scale, trade infrastructure, and productive capacity across the 187 countries covered.
Countries by Exports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$)
The United States ranks first in exports of goods and services at $2,601,452,073,018 in constant 2015 US dollars, followed closely by China at $2,362,097,053,275. At the other end, Kiribati records just $14,680,491, making the gap between the top and bottom of this 184-country ranking nearly 18 million percent. That spread reflects the enormous variation in economic size, productive capacity, and trade integration across countries.
Countries by Exports of goods and services (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks first in exports of goods and services measured in constant local currency units, with a value of 20,180,376,463,136,900 — more than three times the value of second-ranked Viet Nam at 6,267,715,037,059,400. At the other end, Kiribati records the lowest value at just 19,582,362. The spread between first and last represents a range of over 103 quadrillion percent, reflecting how dramatically local currency scales distort cross-country comparisons in this metric.
Countries by Gross fixed capital formation (current US$)
China ranks first in gross fixed capital formation with $7.47 trillion in 2024, followed by the United States at $6.24 trillion. At the other end, Marshall Islands records $65.1 million, making the gap between first and last place roughly 114,700-fold. The spread across 173 countries reflects the vast differences in economic scale, population, and investment capacity captured by this metric.
Countries by Gross fixed capital formation (constant 2015 US$)
The United States leads all 172 countries in gross fixed capital formation with $4.99 trillion in constant 2015 US dollars, followed closely by China at $4.69 trillion. At the opposite end, Marshall Islands records just $60.7 million. The gap between first and last place represents a spread of more than 8.2 million percent.
Countries by Gross fixed capital formation (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st with a gross fixed capital formation value of 24,494,638,202,822,900 constant LCU, a figure orders of magnitude above all other countries due to currency scale differences. At the other end, Marshall Islands ranks 161st at just 60,683,910 constant LCU. The vast numerical range across this ranking reflects differences in currency denomination and base years rather than proportional differences in real investment activity.
Countries by Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)
Bhutan ranks first in gross fixed capital formation as a share of GDP, at 44.61%, more than 23 times the value recorded by last-placed Lebanon at 1.90%. The gap between the top and bottom of the 173-country ranking spans over 42 percentage points. This spread reflects how differently countries allocate resources toward acquiring fixed assets relative to the size of their economies.
Countries by Gross capital formation (current US$)
China leads all 178 ranked countries in gross capital formation with $7.61 trillion in 2024, followed by the United States at $6.28 trillion. At the other end, Djibouti records just $10.47 million. The gap between first and last spans more than 72 million percent, reflecting extreme differences in economic scale across the ranking.
Countries by Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$)
China ranks 1st in gross capital formation with $7.24 trillion in constant 2015 US dollars, more than 42 times the value of the United States at rank 2 ($5.08 trillion) relative to the bottom-ranked Djibouti, which records a negative value of -$140.2 million. The range from the top to the bottom of the 176-country ranking spans over 5.1 quadrillion percent, reflecting the vast structural differences in investment capacity across economies of very different sizes.
Countries by Gross capital formation (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in gross capital formation measured in constant local currency units, recording a value of 33,729,781,415,444,500 — more than seven times the value posted by Indonesia (rank 2, 4,248,345,370,000,000). At the opposite end, Djibouti ranks 166th with a negative value of -22,755,219,000, the only country in the dataset with a negative figure. The gap between first and last is driven largely by differences in currency scale and the local currency unit framework rather than direct economic size comparisons.
Countries by Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
Bhutan ranks first in gross capital formation as a share of GDP at 45.27%, while Djibouti sits at the opposite extreme with just 0.25%. The gap between these two countries spans more than 45 percentage points, reflecting vast differences in investment activity relative to economic output. This ranking covers 178 countries using World Bank data.
Countries by Imports of goods and services (current US$)
The United States ranks first in imports of goods and services at $4,103,100,000,000, more than 22,000 times the value recorded by last-ranked Nauru at $179,699,762. China ranks second at $3,219,342,570,126, making the US-China gap alone larger than the entire import totals of most economies. The spread across 187 countries reflects the vast differences in economic size, trade openness, and domestic demand.
Countries by Imports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$)
The United States ranks first in imports of goods and services at $3.70 trillion (constant 2015 US$), more than 33,000 times the value recorded by last-ranked Nauru at $108.99 million. China ranks second at $2.00 trillion, already $1.70 trillion behind the United States. The gap across the full ranking reflects the enormous variation in economic size, trade openness, and domestic production capacity among the 184 countries covered.
Countries by Imports of goods and services (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st with an imports of goods and services value of 16,604,739,398,341,900 in constant local currency units, a figure so large it exceeds second-ranked Viet Nam's 6,229,570,737,059,400 by more than 2.6 times. At the opposite end, Palau ranks 172nd with just 178,260,238 constant LCU. The gap between top and bottom spans more than 9.3 quadrillion percent, reflecting the fundamental incomparability of local currency units across different national economies.
Countries by Manufacturing, value added (current US$)
China ranked 1st in manufacturing value added in 2024 with $4.66 trillion, nearly double the United States at rank 2 with $2.50 trillion. At the other end of the scale, Micronesia ranked 196th with just $2,386,700. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans more than 195 billion percent.
Countries by Manufacturing, value added (current LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in manufacturing value added measured in local currency units, recording 44,316,764,095,907,200 LCU, a figure driven heavily by currency scale rather than output volume alone. At the opposite end, Micronesia, Fed. Sts. records just 2,386,700 LCU, ranking 196th. The 1,856,821,724,285% spread between top and bottom reflects the fundamental problem of comparing this metric across countries with vastly different currencies and inflation histories.
Countries by Manufacturing, value added (constant 2015 US$)
China leads all 193 ranked countries in manufacturing value added at $3.20 trillion (constant 2015 US$), more than 1.5 times the United States at rank 2 with $2.12 trillion. At the other end, Micronesia ranks 193rd at just $2.07 million. That gap of roughly 154 billion percent separates the world's largest manufacturing economy from its smallest.
Countries by Manufacturing, value added (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in manufacturing value added measured in constant local currency units, recording a value of 19,707,326,935,107,100 LCU — a figure that dwarfs every other country in the dataset. At the opposite end, Micronesia, Fed. Sts. ranks 185th with just 1,411,900 LCU, a spread of nearly 1.4 quadrillion percent. That gap reflects the fundamental incomparability of local currency units across countries, not differences in real manufacturing scale.
Countries by Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)
Puerto Rico ranks first globally with manufacturing value added at 44.1% of GDP, more than double the share recorded by fourth-ranked Ireland at 29.6%. At the other end, Bermuda records just 0.33%, placing 196th. The gap of over 43 percentage points reflects how differently economies are structured around industrial production.
Countries by Industry (including construction), value added (current US$)
China leads all 204 countries in industry value added (including construction) with $6.84 trillion in 2024, more than the next three countries combined. At the other end of the scale, Tuvalu recorded just $2.58 million. That gap of over 2.6 million times between first and last reflects the enormous structural differences in industrial capacity across the global economy.
Countries by Industry (including construction), value added (current LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in industry (including construction) value added in local currency units, recording 77,631,075,812,725,100 LCU — a figure so large it reflects severe currency depreciation rather than outright productive dominance. At the other end, Tuvalu posts just 3,437,600 LCU, ranking 204th. The 2,258,292,873,204.8% spread between top and bottom is the defining feature of this metric: local currency units are not comparable across countries.
Countries by Industry (including construction), value added (constant 2015 US$)
China ranks first in industry (including construction) value added at $6.97 trillion in constant 2015 US dollars, more than double the United States at rank 2 with $3.38 trillion. At the opposite end, Tuvalu ranks 204th with just $2.58 million. That gap of over 269,000,000% between top and bottom reflects the extreme range in industrial capacity across 204 economies.
Countries by Industry (including construction), value added (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in industry (including construction) value added at 33,463,674,887,040,500 constant LCU, a figure more than six times larger than Indonesia's 4,982,411,200,000,000 in second place. At the other end, Micronesia, Fed. Sts. records just 9,233,200 constant LCU, placing 194th. The gap across 194 countries spans more than 362 quadrillion percent in range.
Countries by Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
Guyana ranks 1st globally with industry (including construction) accounting for 76.03% of GDP, the highest share among 204 countries measured. At the other end, Lebanon sits at rank 204 with just 2.09%, meaning the gap between top and bottom spans more than 73 percentage points. This range reflects how differently national economies are structured, from resource-extraction-dominated to service-driven economies.
Countries by Medium and high-tech manufacturing value added (% manufacturing value added)
Myanmar ranks 1st in medium and high-tech manufacturing value added at 92.58% of total manufacturing value added, a figure that sits far above second-ranked Singapore at 82.33%. At the other end, Cambodia ranks 153rd at just 0.26%. The 92-percentage-point gap between top and bottom reflects the wide structural differences in manufacturing composition across 153 countries.
Countries by Services, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)
Luxembourg ranks first in services value added per worker at $187,154 (constant 2015 US$), more than 171 times the value recorded by last-ranked Liberia at $1,090. Switzerland ($148,328) and Ireland ($137,198) follow in second and third place. The gap across 180 countries reflects the wide disparity in services sector productivity between high-income economies and low-income ones.
Countries by Services, value added (current US$)
The United States ranks first in services value added at $18.09 trillion in 2024, more than 93,000 times the output of last-ranked Kiribati at $193.7 million. China places second at $10.64 trillion, itself a distant gap behind the US. The spread across 203 countries reflects the enormous disparity in economic scale between the world's largest and smallest service economies.
Countries by Services, value added (current LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in services value added at 107,155,091,924,882,000 current LCU, a figure more than 11 times larger than Indonesia's 9,690,648,900,000,000 LCU at rank 2. At the bottom, Marshall Islands records just 194,346,033 LCU at rank 203. The enormous numerical spread across 203 countries reflects the use of local currency units rather than a common denominator, making direct cross-country comparison of absolute values unreliable.
Countries by Services, value added (constant 2015 US$)
The United States ranks first in services value added at $13.97 trillion (constant 2015 US$), more than $3.77 trillion ahead of second-ranked China at $10.19 trillion. At the opposite end, the Marshall Islands ranks 202nd at just $142.7 million. The range between first and last reflects a spread of more than 9,790,000 percent across 202 economies.
Countries by Services, value added (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in services value added measured in constant local currency units, recording a value of 36,814,408,259,799,500 LCU — a figure so large it reflects the effect of domestic currency scale rather than economic size alone. At the other end, Marshall Islands records 142,708,395 LCU, placing 194th. The gap between first and last spans roughly 25,796,946,381% in range, making direct cross-country comparison in absolute LCU terms effectively meaningless without currency conversion.
Countries by Services, value added (% of GDP)
Isle of Man ranks 1st globally with services comprising 95.15% of GDP, the highest share among 203 countries measured. At the opposite end, Guyana ranks 203rd at just 14.46%. The 80-percentage-point gap reflects how differently economies are structured across agriculture, industry, and services.
Countries by Adjusted savings: education expenditure (current US$)
The United States ranked first in adjusted savings education expenditure in 2021, recording $1.047 trillion in current US dollars — more than three times the second-ranked country, China, at $314.5 billion. At the opposite end, St. Kitts and Nevis ranked 193rd with $13.7 million. The gap between first and last spans over 76 million percent, reflecting the enormous differences in national economic scale and population size across the 193 countries covered.
Countries by Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI)
Micronesia, Fed. Sts. ranks first globally in adjusted savings: education expenditure at 23.63% of GNI, more than double the second-ranked Cuba at 13.01%. At the other end, French Polynesia records just 0.50%, placing 200th among 200 countries. The 23-percentage-point gap across the ranking reflects the wide variation in how much national income different countries direct toward education operating expenditures.
Countries by Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (current US$)
China ranks first in adjusted savings carbon dioxide damage at $482,501,204,650, more than double the second-ranked United States at $210,317,902,107. At the other end, Tuvalu records $434,736, making the gap between first and last more than one billion to one. The spread reflects the combined effect of emissions volume and the fixed $40-per-ton damage valuation applied uniformly across all countries.
Countries by Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI)
Syria ranks first among 199 countries on adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage, with CO2 damage equivalent to 9.85% of GNI in 2021. At the other end, Puerto Rico records just 0.08% of GNI. The gap between first and last reflects wide differences in fossil fuel intensity relative to national income.
Countries by Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (current US$)
China ranked first in consumption of fixed capital in 2021 with $4.66 trillion, followed by the United States at $3.83 trillion. At the other end, Tuvalu recorded just $6.68 million, rank 205 of 205. The gap between the top and bottom entries spans nearly 70 million percent, reflecting extreme differences in the scale of productive capital across economies.
Countries by Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)
Ireland ranks first among 201 countries with a consumption of fixed capital rate of 34.64% of GNI in 2021, more than 28 percentage points above last-ranked Bangladesh at 1.23%. The gap reflects the wide variation in how much capital — machinery, infrastructure, buildings — economies consume relative to their total income. Since higher values indicate greater capital usage in production, the ranking spans economies at vastly different stages of capital intensity.
Countries by Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage (current US$)
China ranks 1st with $83.8 billion in particulate emission damage in 2021, more than double India's second-place figure of $36.8 billion. At the other end, Tonga ranks 178th with just $1.6 million. The gap between first and last spans over 5.3 million percent, reflecting differences in population size, labor income levels, and ambient air pollution concentrations.
Countries by Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage (% of GNI)
Somalia ranks 1st for particulate emission damage at 7.09% of GNI in 2021, meaning air pollution-related premature deaths cost the equivalent of more than 7% of its entire economy. Sweden, at the opposite end, records just 0.009% of GNI. The roughly 780-fold gap reflects how unevenly this form of environmental damage falls across countries at different income and development levels.
Countries by Adjusted savings: gross savings (% of GNI)
Qatar ranks 1st with gross savings equal to 52.2% of GNI in 2021, more than 66 percentage points above Libya, which sits last at -14.2%. Ireland and Singapore follow closely at ranks 2 and 3, with 51.3% and 50.3% respectively. The 66-percentage-point spread across 169 countries reflects wide variation in how much national income different economies retain after consumption.
Countries by Adjusted net national income (current US$)
The United States ranks 1st in adjusted net national income with $19.59 trillion in 2021, more than 54 times the value of last-ranked Kiribati at $359.7 million. The gap between the top and bottom of this 181-country ranking spans over 5.4 million percent. This range reflects the extreme concentration of national income among a small number of large economies.
Countries by Adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$)
The United States ranks first in adjusted net national income at $17.48 trillion (constant 2015 US$), more than 95,000 times the value recorded by last-ranked Sao Tome and Principe at $183 million. China ranks second at $11.10 trillion, leaving a $6.37 trillion gap between the top two alone. The spread across all 179 countries reflects deep structural differences in economic scale, natural resource dependence, and capital consumption.
Countries by Exports as a capacity to import (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st with an exports capacity to import value of 13,716,486,258,226,900 in constant local currency units, a figure so large it reflects the scale of Iran's currency denomination rather than trade dominance alone. At the other end, Kiribati ranks 172nd with a value of just 21,344,093. The gap between first and last spans more than 64 billion percent.
Countries by Coal rents (% of GDP)
Cabo Verde ranked 1st in coal rents as a percentage of GDP in 2021, with a value of 17.18%, a figure that dwarfs every major coal-producing nation in the dataset. At the other end, 130 countries recorded exactly 0.00%, reflecting no measurable coal rent relative to their economies. The gap between first and second place alone — 17.18% versus Mongolia's 4.89% — is wider than the entire range from rank 2 to rank 199.
Countries by Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current US$)
The United States ranks 1st in gross value added at basic prices with $22.49 trillion in 2024, a figure that dwarfs every other economy in the dataset. At the opposite end, Tuvalu ranks 199th with just $27.1 million. That gap of more than 830,000x separates the largest and smallest economies covered by this metric.
Countries by Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks first in gross value added at basic prices (current local currency units) with a value of 208,031,265,197,717,000, a figure shaped by its currency denomination rather than economic size alone. At the other end, Tuvalu records just 36,012,100 in local currency units, placing 199th. The roughly 578 trillion percent spread between first and last is the defining feature of this dataset, reflecting that values are expressed in each country's own currency with no conversion to a common unit.
Countries by Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks first in gross value added at basic prices (constant local currency units) with a value of 78,443,754,770,566,700, a figure so large it exceeds the second-ranked country, Indonesia, by more than six times. At the opposite end, Palau records a GVA of just 211,053,234 constant LCU, placing 190th. The gap between first and last spans a range of over 37 trillion percent, reflecting the profound effect of different national currencies and price-level reference years rather than simple differences in economic size.
Countries by GDP (current US$)
Which countries actually produce the world's wealth — and how shockingly unequal the gap really is?
Countries by GDP (constant 2015 US$)
The United States leads all 211 countries in GDP measured in constant 2015 US dollars, recording $22.57 trillion (Rank 1). At the other end, Tuvalu posts $46.9 million (Rank 211), meaning the top economy is roughly 481,000 times larger than the smallest. That gap captures the full breadth of global economic output as measured by this metric.
Countries by GDP (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in this 211-country GDP (constant LCU) ranking with a value of 80,830,675,560,512,100, while Tuvalu sits at rank 211 with just 67,459,669. The gap between first and last represents a spread of over 119,820,740,850 percent. Because each country's series is expressed in its own national currency unit, these figures measure real domestic output growth rather than cross-country size in a common currency.
Countries by GDP, PPP (current international $)
China ranks 1st in GDP measured by purchasing power parity, recording $38,190,084,585,498 in 2024, more than double the United States figure of $29,184,890,000,000 at rank 2. At the other end, Tuvalu registers $60,378,319, making the gap between first and last roughly 632,000 to one. That spread reflects the enormous differences in population size, economic structure, and price levels captured across 200 countries in this dataset.
Countries by GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $)
China ranks first in GDP measured by purchasing power parity, recording $33.6 trillion in constant 2021 international dollars in 2024, more than 13 times the value of the United States at rank 2 ($25.7 trillion) relative to the bottom-ranked country, Tuvalu, at just $57 million. The gap between first and last spans roughly 589,000 percent, reflecting the vast difference in economic scale across the 199 countries covered.
Countries by GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$)
Monaco ranks 1st globally with a GDP per capita of $247,170 (constant 2015 US$), more than 920 times greater than last-ranked Burundi at $269. The gap between the top and bottom of this 211-country ranking spans nearly the entire range of modern economic output per person. This metric, drawn from World Bank World Development Indicators for 2024, captures how national income is distributed across populations.
Countries by GDP per capita (constant LCU)
Iran leads all 211 countries in GDP per capita measured in constant local currency units, posting a value of 882,741,862 per capita — more than 14 times the second-ranked country, Vietnam, at 62,078,954. At the opposite end, Sudan records the lowest value at just 235 per capita. The extreme spread across rankings reflects the fundamental incomparability of different local currencies at different price levels rather than a straightforward measure of living standards.
Countries by GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)
Luxembourg ranks 1st in GDP per capita, PPP at $155,941 per person, more than 135 times the value recorded for last-placed South Sudan at $1,155. The gap spans 200 countries and reflects the full range of material living standards as measured through purchasing power parity. This ranking uses 2024 World Bank data covering all 200 countries in the dataset.
Countries by Gross domestic savings (% of GDP)
Qatar ranks first in gross domestic savings at 67.63% of GDP, while Kiribati sits last at -69.16%, a spread of nearly 137 percentage points. Ireland (rank 2, 60.55%) and Singapore (rank 3, 57.92%) round out the top three. That range reflects how differently economies balance production, consumption, and external dependency.
Countries by Gross domestic income (constant LCU)
Iran leads all 172 countries in gross domestic income measured in constant local currency units, recording a value of 74,366,785,355,602,100—more than five times the figure for second-ranked Indonesia at 12,632,821,827,960,000. At the other end, Palau records the lowest value at 230,243,914.63. The range between first and last spans over 32 billion percent, reflecting the fundamental incomparability of local currency units across countries.
Countries by GNI, Atlas method (current US$)
The United States ranks first in GNI by the Atlas method at $28,395,284,660,435, more than 330,000 times larger than last-ranked Tuvalu at $86,040,855. China ranks second at $19,253,311,945,258, the only other country above $10 trillion. The gap between the top and bottom of this 204-country ranking reflects the extreme concentration of global income.
Countries by GNI (current US$)
The United States ranks 1st in GNI at $29,194,127,000,000 in 2024, more than 344,000 times larger than Tuvalu's $84,217,404 at rank 205. China ranks 2nd at $18,615,022,929,518, leaving a gap of over $10.5 trillion between the top two. The spread across 205 countries reflects the extraordinary range in economic scale worldwide.
Countries by GNI (constant LCU)
Iran leads all 163 countries ranked by GNI in constant local currency units, recording a value of 74,323,190,503,696,900 — more than six times the figure for second-ranked Indonesia at 12,297,543,823,380,500. At the bottom, Palau records just 231,433,441, placing the range at over 32 billion percent. Because each country's value is expressed in its own local currency, this ranking reflects the scale of national income within each economy on its own terms, not cross-country comparisons in a common currency.
Countries by GNI, PPP (current international $)
China ranks first in GNI measured by purchasing power parity with $37.93 trillion, followed by the United States at $29.24 trillion. At the other end, Tuvalu records $81.6 million, making the gap between first and last place more than 464,000-fold. The ranking reflects the total scale of national income across 198 economies when price level differences between countries are removed.
Countries by GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
Bermuda ranks first in GNI per capita at $145,150, more than 559 times the $260 recorded for last-ranked Burundi. Norway follows at $98,170, the highest figure among sovereign states with large populations. The spread across 204 countries reflects the full range of income levels captured by this measure of national income per person.
Countries by GNI per capita (constant LCU)
Iran ranks first among 163 countries in GNI per capita measured in constant local currency units, recording a value of 811,674,418.60 per capita. At the opposite end, Sudan ranks 163rd with a value of just 242.71 per capita. That gap of more than 334 million percent reflects, in large part, the fundamental incomparability of national currency units across countries rather than a straightforward welfare ranking.
Countries by GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
Bermuda ranks first in GNI per capita, PPP at $129,110 (current international dollars), while South Sudan ranks last at $1,010, a gap of more than 127 times. The ranking covers 198 countries using 2024 World Bank data. That spread reflects the full range of material living standards as measured by purchasing-power-adjusted national income per person.
Countries by Gross savings (current US$)
China ranks first in gross savings with $8,028,503,446,056, more than 1.5 times the value of second-ranked United States at $5,120,798,000,000. At the other end, Lebanon records the lowest value at negative $2,550,032,665, meaning consumption exceeded income. The gap between first and last spans over $10.5 trillion.
Countries by Gross savings (% of GNI)
Qatar ranks 1st in gross savings as a percentage of GNI at 59.51%, meaning more than half of its gross national income is saved rather than consumed. At the other extreme, Timor-Leste ranks 169th at -18.53%, indicating it consumes more than it earns. The 78-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking illustrates the wide variation in national saving capacity across 169 countries.
Countries by Gross savings (% of GDP)
Qatar tops the 2024 gross savings rankings at 57.42% of GDP, more than 78 percentage points above last-placed Timor-Leste, which records -21.13%. The 78-point spread across 169 countries reflects sharply different balances between national income, consumption, and net transfers worldwide.
Countries by Taxes less subsidies on products (current LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st in taxes less subsidies on products with a value of 7,193,773,266,495,800 current LCU, a figure so large it dwarfs every other country in the dataset. At the bottom, Libya records -9,909,800,000 LCU, meaning subsidies exceed taxes by that margin. The gap between first and last reflects differences in currency scale, economic size, inflation, and the degree to which governments subsidize versus tax production.
Countries by Taxes less subsidies on products (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks first in taxes less subsidies on products (constant LCU) with a value of 2,386,920,789,945,300, dwarfing second-placed Indonesia at 555,692,500,000,000. At the other end, Libya records -5,320,000,000, meaning subsidies on products exceed taxes collected. The gap between top and bottom spans more than 44 billion percent of the lowest value, reflecting extreme variation in national fiscal structures and currency scales across the 183 countries ranked.
Countries by unemployment rate
Did you know some of the world's highest unemployment rates are found in middle-income countries, not the poorest? The causes of joblessness are far more complex — and politically charged — than the number alone suggests.
Population & Health
Countries by median age
Did you know the median age in some African nations is under 20, while in parts of Europe it tops 45? That 25-year gap will define economic competition and geopolitical power for decades to come.
Countries by population density
Did you know Bangladesh is more densely packed than almost any country on Earth, despite having no megacity that dominates its population? Density shapes housing, infrastructure, and quality of life in ways most people don't consider.
Countries by population growth rate
South Sudan’s population is growing at 5.86% per year—while Saint Martin is shrinking at -5.40%. That’s a staggering 11.26 percentage-point swing, meaning one country could double its population in just over a decade while another rapidly empties out. Few metrics capture global divergence as sharply as population growth.
Countries by population
Did you know India recently overtook China as the world's most populous nation, ending a six-decade streak? The demographic balance of power is changing — and the ripple effects will be enormous.
Countries by Total alcohol consumption per capita, female (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, female 15+ years of age)
Romania ranks first among 187 countries in total alcohol consumption per capita among females aged 15 and older, at 7.42 liters of pure alcohol in 2020. At the opposite end, Kuwait, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia, and Somalia each record 0.00 liters. The gap between the highest and lowest values spans the full range of the dataset, from 7.42 to effectively zero.
Countries by Total alcohol consumption per capita (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, 15+ years of age)
Romania ranks first among 187 countries with 16.8 liters of pure alcohol consumed per capita among adults aged 15 and older in 2020, more than double the global median. At the other end, Kuwait, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia, and Somalia each record 0.0 liters. The 16.8-liter gap between the top and bottom of the ranking reflects stark regional and cultural variation in alcohol use.
Countries by Total alcohol consumption per capita, male (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, male 15+ years of age)
Romania ranks first among 187 countries in total alcohol consumption per capita among males aged 15 and older, at 27.03 liters of pure alcohol in 2020. At the other end of the ranking, Kuwait, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia, and Somalia each record 0.00 liters. The gap of 27.03 liters between the highest and lowest values reflects an extreme divergence across countries.
Countries by Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total)
Nigeria ranks first among 183 countries, with communicable diseases, maternal, prenatal, and nutrition conditions accounting for 65.2% of all deaths in 2019. At the other end, North Macedonia records just 1.28%, meaning the gap between the highest and lowest ranked countries spans nearly 64 percentage points. That spread reflects sharply different disease burdens and mortality profiles across the world.
Countries by Number of infant deaths
India ranks 1st globally with 567,211 infant deaths in 2023, followed by Nigeria at 443,714 and Pakistan at 341,323. At the other end, San Marino recorded zero infant deaths, while Andorra and Monaco each recorded just one. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans more than half a million deaths.
Countries by Cause of death, by injury (% of total)
Yemen ranks 1st globally with 19.49% of all deaths attributed to injuries in 2019, followed closely by Saudi Arabia at 19.46% and Venezuela at 19.38%. At the other end, Serbia ranks 183rd with just 2.37%. The gap of more than 17 percentage points separates countries where injury is a dominant cause of death from those where it plays a minor role.
Countries by Number of under-five deaths
Nigeria ranks 1st with 768,479 under-five deaths in 2023, more than 119,000 ahead of 2nd-ranked India at 643,970. At the other end, San Marino recorded 0 deaths, illustrating a range of over 768,000 between the highest and lowest values in this 196-country ranking.
Countries by Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total)
North Macedonia ranks first globally, with non-communicable diseases accounting for 96.1% of all deaths in 2019. At the other end, Chad records just 27.0%, the lowest share among 183 countries. The 69-percentage-point gap broadly separates countries where infectious and injury-related deaths remain prevalent from those where they have been largely displaced by chronic disease.
Countries by Number of neonatal deaths
India ranks first with 401,499 neonatal deaths in 2023, more than 400,000 times the value recorded by San Marino, which sits at the bottom of the 196-country ranking with zero. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects enormous differences in population size, birth volume, and neonatal mortality rates across countries.
Countries by Mortality rate, under-5, female (per 1,000 live births)
Niger ranks first with a female under-5 mortality rate of 110.7 per 1,000 live births, while San Marino records the lowest value at 1.3. The gap of 109.4 points between the top and bottom of this 196-country ranking reflects the extreme variation in child survival conditions across the world.
Countries by Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
Niger ranks first with an under-5 mortality rate of 114.8 per 1,000 live births, meaning roughly 1 in 9 children born there does not reach age five. At the opposite end, San Marino records 1.4, the lowest among all 196 countries measured. The gap of 113.4 points between first and last reflects the extreme range in child survival outcomes across the world.
Countries by Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000 live births)
Niger ranks 1st with a male under-5 mortality rate of 118.5 per 1,000 live births, meaning roughly 1 in 8 newborn boys does not reach age five. At the opposite end, San Marino records 1.5, a gap of 117 points between the highest and lowest values in the ranking. The spread across 196 countries reflects how unevenly child survival outcomes are distributed globally.
Countries by Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births)
South Sudan ranks first with a neonatal mortality rate of 40.2 per 1,000 live births, the highest among 196 countries measured in 2023. At the opposite end, San Marino records 0.6, producing a range of nearly 6,600 percent between the two extremes. That gap reflects the full breadth of variation in newborn survival conditions across the world.
Countries by People using at least basic drinking water services, rural (% of rural population)
Thirty-two countries, including Australia, Germany, the United States, and Brazil, score a perfect 100% on rural access to at least basic drinking water services. At the opposite end, the Democratic Republic of Congo ranks last at just 13.82%, leaving the gap between the best and worst performers at more than 86 percentage points. That spread across 174 countries reflects the scale of inequality in rural water access worldwide.
Countries by People using at least basic drinking water services, urban (% of urban population)
Thirty-six countries, including Germany, Brazil, Singapore, and the United Kingdom, achieve 100% urban basic drinking water access, the highest possible score on this metric. At the other end, the Central African Republic ranks 184th with just 48.06%, meaning roughly half its urban population lacks even basic water access. The 52-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom reflects the wide variation in urban water infrastructure across 184 countries.
Countries by People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population)
Thirty-one countries, including Germany, Singapore, and Thailand, achieve 100% coverage for basic drinking water services, meaning every resident has access to an improved water source within a 30-minute round-trip collection time. At the other end of the ranking, the Democratic Republic of Congo scores just 35.68%, the lowest of all 214 countries measured. The 64-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the scale of disparity in a metric directly tied to population health.
Countries by People using safely managed drinking water services, rural (% of rural population)
Hungary and San Marino both achieve 100% coverage of safely managed drinking water services for rural populations, ranking joint first among 85 countries. At the other end, the Democratic Republic of Congo records just 0.51%, leaving the gap between top and bottom at nearly 100 percentage points. The spread reflects profound differences in rural water infrastructure across income levels and regions.
Countries by People using safely managed drinking water services, urban (% of urban population)
Nine countries, including France, Hungary, Kuwait, and Singapore, achieve 100% coverage of safely managed drinking water services for their urban populations. At the other end, Tuvalu ranks last at 10.4%, with Central African Republic (11.3%) and Sierra Leone (12.5%) close behind. The nearly 90-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom reflects the wide disparity in urban water infrastructure across the 104 countries covered.
Countries by People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)
Ten countries, including Singapore, Iceland, Kuwait, and New Zealand, achieve 100% coverage of safely managed drinking water services. At the other end of the ranking, the Central African Republic records 6.22%, and Chad 6.34%, leaving the vast majority of their populations without access to safe water on premises. The 93.78 percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects one of the widest disparities across any public health measure tracked by the World Bank.
Countries by Antiretroviral therapy coverage (% of people living with HIV)
Ireland ranks first in antiretroviral therapy coverage at 98%, meaning nearly all people living with HIV in the country are receiving treatment. At the other end, Afghanistan ranks 144th at just 11%, a gap of 87 percentage points between the top and bottom. This range reflects profound differences in health system capacity and access to treatment across 144 countries.
Countries by Antiretroviral therapy coverage for PMTCT (% of pregnant women living with HIV)
Four countries — Botswana, Eswatini, Ireland, and Uganda — each achieve 100% antiretroviral therapy coverage for PMTCT, meaning every recorded pregnant woman living with HIV receives treatment to prevent mother-to-child transmission. At the other end, Sudan stands at 5%, the lowest among 82 countries with available data. The 95-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking reflects the wide variation in how countries are reaching this population.
Countries by Immunization, HepB3 (% of one-year-old children)
Eighteen countries, including Cuba, Kuwait, Portugal, and Turkiye, achieved a hepatitis B immunization rate of 99% for one-year-old children, placing them jointly at rank 1. At the other end, Sudan ranks 189th with a rate of just 39%. The 60-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking reflects the wide disparity in childhood hepatitis B vaccination coverage across 189 countries.
Countries by Incidence of malaria (per 1,000 population at risk)
Benin ranks first with 354.25 new malaria cases per 1,000 population at risk, followed closely by Burkina Faso at 353.49 and Mali at 346.22. At the other end, 29 countries including China, Egypt, and Argentina record 0.00 cases. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans more than 354 cases per 1,000 population.
Countries by Number of maternal deaths
Nigeria tops the global ranking of maternal deaths with 75,000 recorded in 2023, nearly four times the figure for second-ranked Congo, Dem. Rep. and India, each at 19,000. At the other end, 12 countries including Iceland, Malta, and Montenegro recorded zero maternal deaths. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans five orders of magnitude.
Countries by Lifetime risk of maternal death (1 in: rate varies by country)
Belarus ranks 1st among 194 countries with a lifetime risk of maternal death of 1 in 96,213, meaning a 15-year-old female there has an exceptionally low chance of dying from a maternal cause over her lifetime. At the other end, Chad and the Central African Republic share rank 193 with a rate of just 1 in 24. The gap of more than 4,000-fold between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the extreme variation in maternal mortality and fertility conditions across countries.
Countries by Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%)
Mali ranks 1st globally for prevalence of anemia among pregnant women, with 62.1% of pregnant women affected. At the opposite end, the United States ranks 192nd at 10.2%, a gap of nearly 52 percentage points. The ranking spans 192 countries and reflects wide variation in maternal nutritional health across income levels and regions.
Countries by Prevalence of current tobacco use, females (% of female adults)
Nauru ranks first globally for prevalence of current tobacco use among females, with 48.1% of female adults using tobacco products as of 2022. At the other end, Korea, Dem. People's Rep. records 0%, and Azerbaijan records 0.1%, placing 163rd among 164 countries. The 48.1 percentage point gap between top and bottom reflects the wide variation in tobacco use patterns across regions and income levels.
Countries by Prevalence of current tobacco use (% of adults)
Nauru ranks first in tobacco use prevalence among adults, with 48.3% of its adult population currently using tobacco products as of 2022. At the other end, Nigeria records the lowest rate at 3.3%, creating a spread of more than 45 percentage points across 164 countries. That gap reflects the wide variation in tobacco consumption patterns across regions, income levels, and cultural contexts visible in this dataset.
Countries by Prevalence of current tobacco use, males (% of male adults)
Indonesia ranks 1st globally for prevalence of current tobacco use among males, with 73.1% of adult men currently using tobacco products. At the other end of the ranking, Nigeria sits 164th at just 6.1%, producing a gap of 67 percentage points between the highest and lowest recorded values. The spread reflects wide variation in tobacco use patterns across regions, income levels, and cultural contexts.
Countries by Risk of catastrophic expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk)
Cote d'Ivoire ranks first with 100% of its population at risk of catastrophic expenditure for surgical care, meaning the entire population faces potential financial ruin if surgery is needed. At the other end, eleven countries including Germany, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom record 0%, indicating negligible financial risk. The gap between these extremes spans the full range of the metric and reflects stark differences in how surgical costs fall on individuals.
Countries by Risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk)
Burundi and Cote d'Ivoire rank joint first, with 100% of their populations at risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care. At the other end, 16 countries including Germany, Sweden, and the United Kingdom record 0%. The 100-percentage-point gap reflects the full range of how surgical costs interact with poverty thresholds across 131 countries.
Countries by Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, female (per 100,000 female population)
Afghanistan ranks first with a female air pollution mortality rate of 265 per 100,000 female population, the highest among all 183 countries measured. Finland sits at the opposite end with a rate of 5.1. The gap of nearly 260 points between these two countries illustrates the wide variation in exposure and health outcomes tied to household and ambient air pollution across the globe.
Countries by Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, male (per 100,000 male population)
Central African Republic ranks first with an age-standardized male air pollution mortality rate of 364.9 per 100,000, the highest among 183 countries measured in 2019. At the opposite end, Norway records 9.4 per 100,000, meaning the gap between first and last spans more than 38 times. The spread reflects stark differences in exposure to household and ambient air pollution across income levels and geographies.
Countries by Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized (per 100,000 population)
Central African Republic ranks first with an age-standardized mortality rate of 305.1 per 100,000 population attributed to household and ambient air pollution, the highest among all 183 countries measured. At the opposite end, Finland records just 7.4 per 100,000, a gap of nearly 4,023 percent between the extremes. The spread reflects deep disparities in household energy use, air quality conditions, and population health outcomes across world regions.
Countries by People using at least basic sanitation services, rural (% of rural population)
Eight countries — including Austria, Chile, New Zealand, and Spain — achieve 100% coverage of people using at least basic sanitation services in rural areas, while Chad sits at the bottom with just 4.5%. The gap between first and last place spans more than 95 percentage points. This range reflects the breadth of variation in rural sanitation infrastructure across 171 countries.
Countries by People using at least basic sanitation services, urban (% of urban population)
Twelve countries, including Singapore, Israel, New Zealand, and Kuwait, achieve 100% urban basic sanitation coverage, meaning every urban resident uses an improved sanitation facility not shared with other households. At the other end, Congo, Dem. Rep. ranks 182nd at just 21.8%, leaving the majority of its urban population without even basic sanitation access. The 78-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the scale of disparity in urban sanitation access worldwide.
Countries by People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)
Sixteen countries, including Australia, Singapore, and Kuwait, achieve 100% coverage of basic sanitation services, meaning every resident uses an improved, unshared sanitation facility. At the other end, Ethiopia ranks 214th with only 10.36% of its population covered. That 89.64 percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking reflects the scale of global disparity in access to a fundamental public health resource.
Countries by Low-birthweight babies (% of births)
India ranks first with 27.43% of births producing low-birthweight babies, the highest share among 157 countries measured in 2020. At the other end, Iceland records just 3.99%, giving a spread of more than 23 percentage points between the top and bottom of the ranking. Because higher values indicate a greater proportion of underweight newborns, a high rank here signals a more acute burden, not a better outcome.
Countries by People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, rural (% of rural population)
Mexico and Turkmenistan both achieve 100% coverage of basic handwashing facilities with soap and water in rural areas, ranking first among 112 countries. At the opposite end, Liberia records just 0.96%, meaning fewer than 1 in 100 rural residents has access to a handwashing facility with soap and water on the premises. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans nearly 100 percentage points.
Countries by People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, urban (% of urban population)
Turkmenistan leads all 112 countries ranked on urban handwashing facilities with soap and water, recording a value of 100%. At the other end, Liberia stands at just 5.64%, meaning fewer than 1 in 18 urban residents has access to basic handwashing on premises. The 94-percentage-point gap between first and last illustrates the scale of disparity in urban sanitation access across the countries covered.
Countries by People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water (% of population)
Bahrain, Qatar, and Turkmenistan each reach 100% of their populations with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, placing them jointly at rank 1. At the opposite end, Liberia sits at rank 119 with just 3.49%. The 96.5 percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of this 119-country ranking reflects the scale of disparity in access to one of the most fundamental hygiene conditions.
Countries by Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
Nigeria ranks 1st with a maternal mortality ratio of 993 per 100,000 live births, the highest of all 194 countries covered. At the opposite end, Belarus and Norway each record a ratio of 1. That gap of 992 points between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the full breadth of variation in pregnancy-related mortality risk across the world.
Countries by Prevalence of overweight, weight for height, female (modeled estimate, % of children under 5)
Australia ranks first among 163 countries with 25% of female children under 5 classified as overweight by weight-for-height measure, more than 44 times higher than Myanmar at the bottom with 0.6%. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans over 24 percentage points. This wide spread reflects sharply different nutritional conditions across regions and income levels.
Countries by Prevalence of overweight, weight for height, male (modeled estimate, % of children under 5)
Australia ranks first with 27.8% of male children under 5 classified as overweight by weight for height, a figure that stands far above the global field. At the bottom, Myanmar records just 0.7%, meaning the gap between first and last spans more than 27 percentage points across 163 countries. The range reflects substantial variation in child nutrition conditions across regions and income levels.
Countries by Prevalence of overweight, weight for height (modeled estimate, % of children under 5)
Australia ranks first among 163 countries with 26.4% of children under 5 classified as overweight by weight for height, more than 43 times the rate recorded in last-placed Myanmar at 0.6%. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans 25.8 percentage points, reflecting wide variation in child nutrition conditions across regions and income levels. Papua New Guinea ranks second at 18.5%, followed by Turks and Caicos Islands at 18.3%.
Countries by People using safely managed sanitation services, rural (% of rural population)
Andorra ranks first with 100% of its rural population using safely managed sanitation services, while Korea, Dem. People's Rep. ranks last at just 1.23%, a gap of nearly 99 percentage points. Between these extremes, the rankings reveal sharp divergences not only between wealthy and low-income countries but also across regions with similar income levels. The data, drawn from 100 countries for reference year 2024, captures a metric that reflects both infrastructure investment and excreta management practices.
Countries by People using safely managed sanitation services, urban (% of urban population)
Three countries — Andorra, Monaco, and Singapore — achieve 100% coverage of safely managed sanitation services among their urban populations, the highest possible value in this ranking. At the opposite end, Armenia records 0%, placing it last among 124 countries. The 100-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom illustrates the scale of disparity in urban sanitation infrastructure worldwide.
Countries by People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population)
Five countries — Andorra, Kuwait, Malta, Monaco, and Singapore — each achieve 100% coverage of safely managed sanitation services, meaning their entire populations use improved, unshared facilities with safe excreta disposal. At the other end, Greenland records 0%, and Ethiopia ranks 145th at just 8.05%. The 100-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects stark differences in sanitation infrastructure across 146 countries.
Countries by Prevalence of stunting, height for age, female (modeled estimate, % of children under 5)
Burundi ranks first among 162 countries with 52% of girls under 5 affected by stunting, more than 57 times the rate recorded in last-placed Poland at 0.9%. The gap between these extremes reflects a wide spectrum of child nutrition outcomes across regions. The data covers modeled estimates for female children under 5, sourced from the World Bank World Development Indicators for 2024.
Countries by Prevalence of stunting, height for age, male (modeled estimate, % of children under 5)
Burundi ranks first among 162 countries in prevalence of stunting, height for age, among male children under 5, with a modeled estimate of 58.5%. At the opposite end, Poland records the lowest rate at 1.1%, producing a gap of 57.4 percentage points between the two extremes. That spread reflects the wide variation in child nutrition outcomes across the countries covered by this dataset.
Countries by Prevalence of stunting, height for age (modeled estimate, % of children under 5)
Burundi ranks first in child stunting prevalence at 55.3%, meaning more than half of children under age 5 fall more than two standard deviations below the international height-for-age median. At the opposite end, Poland records the lowest prevalence at 1.0%, a gap of 54.3 percentage points. This range reflects extreme variation in child nutritional status across 162 countries.
Countries by Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population)
Korea, Rep. ranks first among 185 countries in female suicide mortality, recording 16.94 deaths per 100,000 female population in 2021. At the opposite end, St. Vincent and the Grenadines records 0.00. The gap between top and bottom spans nearly 17 deaths per 100,000, reflecting profound variation across countries in a single year.
Countries by Suicide mortality rate, male (per 100,000 male population)
Eswatini ranks first among 185 countries with a male suicide mortality rate of 45 per 100,000 male population in 2021, more than 56 times higher than last-placed St. Vincent and the Grenadines at 0.80. The gap across the full ranking spans over 5,500 percent from top to bottom. This range reflects the wide variation in recorded male suicide mortality across regions and income levels.
Countries by Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population)
Lesotho ranks 1st globally for suicide mortality rate at 28.66 per 100,000 population in 2021, nearly 70 times higher than last-ranked St. Vincent and the Grenadines at 0.41. The 6,890% spread across 185 countries reflects the wide variation in this measure of fatal self-harm burden worldwide.
Countries by Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 population)
The Dominican Republic ranks 1st in road traffic injury mortality with 64.6 deaths per 100,000 population in 2019, more than double the rate of the second-ranked country, Zimbabwe, at 41.2. At the other end, Antigua and Barbuda, Monaco, and San Marino each recorded 0.0 deaths per 100,000. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans more than 64 points.
Countries by Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms)
Belgium ranks 1st globally with a tuberculosis case detection rate of 140%, meaning more cases are reported than WHO estimates as incident — a known effect of revised estimates. At the other end, Mongolia ranks 207th with a rate of just 18%, the lowest among all 207 countries measured. The 122-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom reflects the wide variation in health system capacity and TB surveillance across the world.
Countries by Newborns protected against tetanus (%)
Three countries — Bahamas, Bahrain, and Seychelles — each achieve 100% coverage for newborns protected against tetanus, ranking joint first among 106 countries. At the other end, Somalia ranks 106th at just 50%. The 50 percentage-point gap between the top and bottom illustrates the wide disparity in maternal immunization coverage across the dataset.
Countries by UHC service coverage index
Canada ranks 1st in the UHC service coverage index with a score of 92 out of 100, while Chad ranks last at 193rd with a score of 26. The 66-point gap between them represents the widest possible spread across 193 countries measured in 2023. This ranking reflects differences in access to essential health services across reproductive, maternal, infectious disease, noncommunicable disease, and health system capacity domains.
Countries by UHC service coverage sub-index on service capacity and access
Japan, Korea (Rep.), and the Russian Federation share rank 1 with a perfect score of 100 on the UHC service coverage sub-index on service capacity and access. At the other end, Chad scores 10, placing 193rd among 193 countries ranked. The 90-point gap between the top and bottom of this index reflects wide disparities in hospital access, health workforce availability, and health security across countries.
Countries by UHC service coverage sub-index on infectious diseases
Twenty-two countries, including Australia, Japan, Singapore, and Spain, achieve a perfect score of 100 on the UHC service coverage sub-index on infectious diseases. At the other end, Ethiopia ranks 193rd with a score of 12. The 88-point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking reflects the full range of variation in tuberculosis control, HIV/AIDS response, malaria management, and access to water, sanitation, and hygiene services.
Countries by UHC service coverage sub-index on non-communicable diseases
Costa Rica and Iceland share the top rank in the UHC service coverage sub-index on non-communicable diseases, both scoring 82 out of 100. At the other end, Timor-Leste scores 29, the lowest among 193 countries ranked. The 53-point gap between the top and bottom reflects wide global variation in coverage of hypertension, diabetes, and tobacco-related services.
Countries by UHC service coverage sub-index on reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health
Belgium, Canada, Finland, and France share the top rank with a UHC reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health sub-index score of 92 out of 100. At the other end, Somalia scores 18, leaving a 74-point gap between the highest and lowest performers. That spread across 193 countries reflects the wide variation in access to and coverage of essential reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health services globally.
Countries by Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population)
Haiti ranks first in prevalence of undernourishment with 54.2% of its population lacking sufficient dietary energy, followed closely by Somalia at 53.2% and North Korea at 47.0%. At the other end, 62 countries including the United States, Germany, and Brazil all record values at or below 2.5%, the lowest threshold reported in this dataset. The gap between the most and least affected countries spans more than 51 percentage points.
Countries by Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population (%)
Sierra Leone ranks first among 157 countries with 89.8% of its population living in moderate or severe food insecurity, meaning nearly nine in ten people face inadequate diets or reduced food quantity. At the other end, Belarus ranks last at 1.1%, a gap of 88.7 percentage points. That spread reflects the extreme divergence in food access conditions across the countries measured.
Countries by Mortality rate, adult, female (per 1,000 female adults)
Lesotho ranks first with a female adult mortality rate of 361.61 per 1,000 female adults, meaning more than one in three women aged 15 are statistically unlikely to survive to age 60 under 2023 conditions. At the other end, the United Arab Emirates records 18.47, less than one-twentieth of Lesotho's figure. That gap of more than 343 points across 216 countries reflects the extreme range in female survival conditions captured by this metric.
Countries by Mortality rate, adult, male (per 1,000 male adults)
Lesotho ranks first with an adult male mortality rate of 470.6 per 1,000 male adults, meaning nearly half of all 15-year-old males there are projected to die before reaching age 60. At the opposite end, Monaco records just 31.2, a difference of more than 439 points. That gap spans the full range of outcomes captured by this metric across 216 countries.
Countries by Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people)
Central African Republic ranks 1st in crude birth rate at 46.358 births per 1,000 people, more than ten times the rate recorded in last-ranked Hong Kong SAR, China at 4.4. The 41.96-point spread across 216 countries reflects the wide divergence in demographic conditions captured by this single measure. South Korea (rank 215, 4.5) and Macao SAR, China (rank 214, 5.5) sit just above Hong Kong, forming a cluster of the world's lowest birth rates.
Countries by Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people)
Monaco ranks 1st with a crude death rate of 20.97 per 1,000 people, more than 22 times higher than Qatar at the bottom of the ranking with 0.93. The gap between these two extremes reflects differences in population age structure, demographic composition, and underlying health conditions rather than a simple measure of mortality risk. This ranking covers 216 countries using 2023 World Bank data.
Countries by Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births)
South Sudan ranks first with a female infant mortality rate of 66.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023, the highest among 196 countries measured. At the other end, San Marino records 1.3, producing a gap of 65.5 units between the extremes. The spread across this ranking reflects the wide variation in survival conditions for female infants in the first year of life.
Countries by Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
South Sudan ranks 1st with an infant mortality rate of 72.6 deaths per 1,000 live births, the highest recorded across all 196 countries in this dataset. At the opposite end, San Marino ranks 196th with a rate of just 1.4, a gap of 71.2 per 1,000 live births. That 5,086% spread between the highest and lowest values illustrates how unevenly child survival outcomes are distributed globally.
Countries by Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births)
South Sudan ranks first with a male infant mortality rate of 78.3 per 1,000 live births, the highest among 196 countries measured in 2023. At the opposite end, San Marino records 1.5, making the gap between first and last place more than 76 points. This spread underscores the extreme divergence in early survival outcomes for male infants across different parts of the world.
Countries by Life expectancy at birth, female (years)
Monaco ranks 1st globally for female life expectancy at birth, with newborn girls expected to live 88.5 years under 2023 mortality conditions. At the other end, Nigeria ranks 216th at 54.7 years — a gap of nearly 34 years between the top and bottom. The spread across all 216 countries reflects how widely female survival outcomes vary by geography and development level.
Countries by Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
Monaco ranks first for life expectancy at birth with 86.37 years, based on 2023 World Bank data covering 216 countries. At the other end, Nigeria ranks 216th at 54.46 years, a gap of nearly 32 years between the highest and lowest values. This spread illustrates the wide variation in mortality conditions across the world.
Countries by Life expectancy at birth, male (years)
Monaco ranks first globally for male life expectancy at birth, with newborn males projected to live 84.45 years under 2023 mortality conditions. At the other end, Chad ranks 216th at 53.20 years, a gap of more than 31 years between the top and bottom. That 31-year spread across 216 countries reflects the wide variation in mortality patterns recorded in this dataset.
Trade
Countries by Communications, computer, etc. (% of service imports, BoP)
Ireland ranks 1st globally, with communications, computer, and related services accounting for 84.29% of its service imports. At the other end, Guyana ranks 191st with a value of -47.25%, a negative figure that reflects data anomalies rather than a straightforward comparison. The 131-percentage-point spread across 191 countries underscores how differently national service import structures are composed.
Countries by Imports of goods and services (BoP, current US$)
The United States ranks first in imports of goods and services with $4.14 trillion, more than 72,000 times the value recorded by last-ranked Tuvalu at $57.4 million. China follows in second place at $3.25 trillion, with the remaining 190 countries spread across a range that spans seven orders of magnitude. The gap reflects the extreme concentration of global trade activity among a small number of large economies.
Countries by Insurance and financial services (% of service imports, BoP)
Luxembourg ranks first globally, with insurance and financial services accounting for nearly 51.0% of its total service imports, the highest share among 191 countries measured. At the other end, Mauritania records just 0.04%. The gap of roughly 51 percentage points reflects wide differences in how heavily countries rely on cross-border insurance and financial intermediation within their service import structures.
Countries by Goods imports (BoP, current US$)
The United States ranked first in goods imports in 2024 with $3.30 trillion, followed by China at $2.64 trillion. At the other end, Tuvalu recorded just $24.2 million. The gap between first and last — a factor of over 135,000 — reflects the vast differences in economic size, population, and trade integration across the 192 countries covered.
Countries by Imports of goods, services and primary income (BoP, current US$)
The United States ranks first in imports of goods, services, and primary income with $5.63 trillion in 2024, more than 1.5 times the value of second-ranked China at $3.69 trillion. At the bottom of 192 countries, Tuvalu recorded just $57.7 million. The gap between the top and bottom reflects extreme differences in economic scale, trade openness, and financial integration across countries.
Countries by Transport services (% of service imports, BoP)
Djibouti ranks first globally, with transport services accounting for 87.4% of its service imports, according to World Bank data. At the other end, Ireland ranks 191st at just 1.4%. A spread of more than 86 percentage points separates the top from the bottom of this 191-country ranking.
Countries by Secondary income, other sectors, payments (BoP, current US$)
The United States tops the ranking for secondary income payments by other sectors with $343.4 billion, more than double the second-ranked Germany at $141.6 billion. At the other end, Sierra Leone records just $4,361, producing a ratio of roughly 79 million to one between first and last place. That gap reflects the extreme concentration of outward private transfers among a small number of wealthy and capital-exporting economies.
Countries by Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$)
Ukraine ranked first among 140 countries with $16,639,944,909 in grants excluding technical cooperation in 2023, more than double the second-ranked Syrian Arab Republic at $8,909,847,558. At the other end, St. Vincent and the Grenadines recorded just $4,305,833. The gap between first and last spans more than 386,000 percent, reflecting extreme variation in the scale of grant receipts across the ranking.
Countries by Communications, computer, etc. (% of service exports, BoP)
Nauru ranks 1st globally with 96.66% of its service exports composed of communications, computer, and related services, while Macao SAR, China sits at the opposite end at just 0.09%. The 96-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom reflects the extreme variation in how countries generate export earnings from services. For most economies, this share is shaped by the structure of their broader service sector rather than by any single factor.
Countries by Primary income receipts (BoP, current US$)
The United States ranks first in primary income receipts with $1.451 trillion, more than double the second-ranked United Kingdom at $511.7 billion. At the other end, Sierra Leone records just $25,949, making the gap between first and last place over 55 million times. That spread reflects deep differences in cross-border investment activity and the stock of assets held abroad.
Countries by Exports of goods and services (BoP, current US$)
China ranks first in exports of goods and services with $3.79 trillion, followed by the United States at $3.23 trillion. At the other end, Tuvalu records just $2.2 million, making the gap between first and last more than 169 million times. The ranking spans 192 countries and captures the full range of export-driven economies.
Countries by Goods exports (BoP, current US$)
China recorded $3.41 trillion in goods exports in 2024, ranking first among 192 countries and outpacing the second-ranked United States at $2.08 trillion by a margin of roughly $1.33 trillion. At the other end, Tuvalu recorded just $183,598 in goods exports. That gap of more than 18 million percent separates the top and bottom of this ranking.
Countries by Exports of goods, services and primary income (BoP, current US$)
The United States ranks first in exports of goods, services, and primary income with $4.68 trillion, followed closely by China at $4.10 trillion. At the other end, Tuvalu records just $44.6 million, making the gap between first and last place more than 10 million percent. This spread reflects fundamental differences in economic size, trade openness, and the scale of financial and service sectors across countries.
Countries by Transport services (% of service exports, BoP)
Mozambique ranks first globally, with transport services accounting for 78.44% of its total service exports, according to World Bank data. At the opposite end, Liberia records just 0.39%, placing 191st. The 78-percentage-point gap between top and bottom reflects how differently countries depend on transport as a share of what they sell to the rest of the world in services.
Countries by Secondary income receipts (BoP, current US$)
The United States ranks first in secondary income receipts with $187.9 billion, followed closely by India at $133.0 billion and Germany at $128.0 billion. At the opposite end, Kuwait ranks 189th with just $7.8 million. The gap between first and last spans more than 2.4 million percent, reflecting vast differences in economic size, diaspora populations, and cross-border transfer activity.
Countries by Personal remittances, received (current US$)
India leads all 190 countries in personal remittances received, recording $137.67 billion in 2024, more than twice the $67.64 billion received by second-ranked Mexico. At the other end, Palau received just $1.95 million. The gap between first and last spans over 7,049,287 percent, reflecting the extreme variation in diaspora size, labor migration patterns, and receiving-country population across the ranking.
Countries by Personal transfers, receipts (BoP, current US$)
India ranked 1st in personal transfers received in 2024, recording $129.43 billion in inflows from non-resident households. At the opposite end, Papua New Guinea ranked 166th with just $86,320. That gap of more than 1.5 million times between first and last place reflects the enormous variation in diaspora size, migration patterns, and household dependence on cross-border transfers across the 166 countries covered.
Countries by Liner shipping connectivity index (maximum value in 2004 = 100)
China leads the 2021 liner shipping connectivity index with a score of 171.18, more than 270 times the score of last-placed Moldova at 0.64. South Korea (111.25) and Singapore (110.68) occupy the second and third positions, clustered tightly behind China. The range across 168 countries reflects deep structural differences in port infrastructure, trade volumes, and geographic positioning within global container shipping networks.
Countries by Logistics performance index: Efficiency of customs clearance process (1=low to 5=high)
Singapore leads all 169 ranked countries in the efficiency of customs clearance with a score of 4.2 out of 5, while Somalia ranks last at 1.5. That 2.7-point spread across the ranking reflects wide variation in how effectively countries facilitate cross-border trade through their customs processes. The data come from the World Bank's 2022 Logistics Performance Index survey.
Countries by Logistics performance index: Quality of trade and transport-related infrastructure (1=low to 5=high)
Singapore leads 169 countries with a Logistics Performance Index infrastructure score of 4.6 out of 5, according to 2022 World Bank data. At the opposite end, Timor-Leste scores 1.67, producing a range of nearly three full points across the ranking. That gap reflects the wide disparity in trade and transport infrastructure quality across the global economy.
Countries by Logistics performance index: Ease of arranging competitively priced shipments (1=low to 5=high)
Finland ranks 1st globally with a score of 4.1 out of 5 for ease of arranging competitively priced shipments, according to 2022 World Bank data. At the other end, Timor-Leste ranks 169th with a score of just 1.5. The 2.6-point gap between the top and bottom of the 169-country ranking reflects wide variation in how accessible competitive freight options are across different markets.
Countries by Logistics performance index: Competence and quality of logistics services (1=low to 5=high)
Singapore leads 169 countries with a logistics service competence score of 4.4 out of 5, while Timor-Leste sits at the bottom with 1.6. The 2.8-point gap between first and last place reflects a wide range in the quality and reliability of logistics services across the global economy.
Countries by Logistics performance index: Overall (1=low to 5=high)
Singapore ranks 1st in the 2022 Logistics Performance Index with a score of 4.3 out of a possible 5. At the other end of the scale, Timor-Leste ranks 169th with a score of 1.71. The 2.59-point gap between first and last reflects the wide disparity in customs efficiency, infrastructure quality, and supply chain reliability across 169 countries.
Countries by Logistics performance index: Frequency with which shipments reach consignee within scheduled or expected time (1=low to 5=high)
Austria, Finland, and Singapore share the top position in this ranking, each scoring 4.3 out of 5 on the World Bank's measure of how frequently shipments reach their consignee within the scheduled or expected time. At the other end, Eritrea scores 2.08, placing 169th. The 2.22-point gap between top and bottom reflects wide variation in logistics reliability across the 169 countries covered.
Countries by Logistics performance index: Ability to track and trace consignments (1=low to 5=high)
Singapore leads all 169 countries ranked on the ability to track and trace consignments, scoring 4.4 on a 1-to-5 scale. At the other end, Afghanistan ranks last with a score of 1.6, producing a gap of 2.8 points between the top and bottom. That spread of 175% across the full range reflects wide variation in logistics transparency and traceability infrastructure globally.
Countries by Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
Hong Kong SAR, China leads all 205 countries with merchandise trade at 331.7% of GDP, meaning the combined value of goods imports and exports is more than three times the size of its entire economy. At the other end, Cuba records just 8.3%, producing a gap of more than 323 percentage points. That spread reflects the wide variation in how deeply national economies are integrated into global goods trade.
Countries by Import volume index (2015 = 100)
Djibouti ranks first in the 2023 import volume index with a value of 340.1, more than ten times the score of last-placed Venezuela (33.2). Guyana follows at 335.4, while much of Western Europe clusters near or below the 2015 baseline of 100. The 924.4% spread between the top and bottom of the ranking reflects sharply divergent import trajectories since 2015.
Countries by Binding coverage, manufactured products (%)
Thirty-three countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Russia, and Ukraine, achieve a binding coverage rate of 100% for manufactured products, meaning every product line in their schedules carries an enforceable bound tariff rate. At the other end, 100 countries record 0%, indicating no bound rates on manufactured product lines are captured in this dataset. The gap between these extremes spans the full 0-to-100 percentage point range across 161 countries.
Countries by Tariff rate, applied, simple mean, manufactured products (%)
The Bahamas leads all 186 countries with a simple mean applied tariff of 27.85% on manufactured products, more than 139 times higher than the five countries — Hong Kong SAR, Iceland, Macao SAR, Singapore, and Sudan — that register 0.00%. The 27.85-percentage-point spread across the ranking reflects wide variation in how countries approach import duties on manufactured goods.
Countries by Tariff rate, most favored nation, simple mean, manufactured products (%)
The Bahamas ranked first among 187 countries with a simple mean MFN tariff rate on manufactured products of 33.23% in 2022, more than 33 percentage points above the four countries at the bottom — Singapore, Hong Kong SAR, Iceland, and Macao SAR — which all recorded 0.00%. That gap reflects the wide variation in how countries set tariff schedules for manufactured goods under most favored nation rules.
Countries by Tariff rate, applied, weighted mean, manufactured products (%)
Bermuda leads all 186 ranked countries with a weighted mean applied tariff on manufactured products of 21.85%, more than 300 times higher than the five countries at 0.00%. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans the full range of trade policy orientations, from heavily protected import regimes to fully open borders. This metric captures how much of a cost burden tariffs place on manufactured imports, weighted by actual trade flows.
Countries by Tariff rate, most favored nation, weighted mean, manufactured products (%)
Sudan ranks first among 186 countries with a weighted mean most favored nation tariff of 26.8% on manufactured products, more than 26 percentage points above the four countries tied at the bottom with 0%. That gap reflects the wide range of trade policy stances captured across this dataset, from effectively open borders to heavily protected import regimes.
Countries by Binding coverage, all products (%)
Four countries — Congo, Dem. Rep., Tajikistan, Trinidad and Tobago, and Yemen — each record a binding coverage rate of 100%, meaning every product line in their tariff schedules carries an agreed bound rate. At the other end, 100 countries record exactly 0%, including the United States, Germany, China, and India. That gap of 100 percentage points separates the full range of outcomes in this dataset.
Countries by Tariff rate, applied, simple mean, all products (%)
The Bahamas tops the 2022 global ranking for applied tariff rates with a simple mean of 26.31%, more than 500 times the rate recorded by Hong Kong SAR, Singapore, and Macao SAR, which each register at or near 0%. The 186-country dataset spans a range of 26.31 percentage points, from open-border territories to heavily protected markets. That spread reflects the wide variation in how countries structure import costs across all traded goods.
Countries by Tariff rate, most favored nation, simple mean, all products (%)
The Bahamas holds the highest most favored nation tariff rate among 187 ranked countries at 31.54%, more than 450 times the rate recorded by Hong Kong SAR and Macao SAR, both of which register 0.00%. The 31.54-percentage-point spread across the full ranking reflects the wide variation in trade policy approaches captured by this metric.
Countries by Tariff rate, applied, weighted mean, all products (%)
Bermuda ranks 1st with a weighted mean applied tariff rate of 29.52%, more than 29 percentage points above the four countries at the bottom — Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, Singapore, and Sudan — each recording 0.00%. That spread of nearly 30 percentage points across 186 countries reflects the wide variation in how heavily different economies tax imported goods at the border.
Countries by Tariff rate, most favored nation, weighted mean, all products (%)
Bermuda ranks first among 186 countries with a weighted mean most favored nation tariff rate of 29.52%, more than double the rate of second-ranked Sudan at 25.17%. At the other end, Hong Kong SAR and Macao SAR both record 0.00%, alongside Singapore at just 0.11%. The gap between the highest and lowest rates reflects the wide variation in trade policy regimes across the global economy.
Countries by Binding coverage, primary products (%)
Six countries — Congo, Dem. Rep., Djibouti, Grenada, Tajikistan, Trinidad and Tobago, and Yemen — each achieve a binding coverage rate of 100% for primary products, meaning every relevant product line carries an enforceable bound tariff rate. At the other end, 100 countries in the 161-country dataset record exactly 0%. The gap between these two groups spans the full possible range of the metric.
Countries by Tariff rate, applied, simple mean, primary products (%)
Egypt leads all 186 countries with a simple mean applied tariff rate of 99.4% on primary products, more than twice the rate of second-ranked Bermuda at 34.5%. At the other end, Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and Sudan all record 0.0%. The 99.4 percentage-point spread across the ranking reflects the wide variation in how countries apply tariffs to primary commodity trade.
Countries by Tariff rate, applied, weighted mean, primary products (%)
Solomon Islands ranks first among 186 countries with a weighted mean applied tariff on primary products of 48.84%, more than 120 times higher than the five countries at the bottom with rates of 0.00%. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the full range of trade policy approaches applied to primary commodities across the global economy. Switzerland, ranked 48th at 9.44%, is a notable outlier among high-income countries near the upper portion of the ranking.
Countries by Tariff rate, most favored nation, weighted mean, primary products (%)
Solomon Islands leads all 186 countries in this ranking with a weighted mean MFN tariff on primary products of 48.84%, more than double the rate of third-ranked Belize at 44.87%. At the other end, Brunei Darussalam, Hong Kong SAR, and Macao SAR each record 0.00%. The 48.84-percentage-point spread between the top and bottom reflects the wide range of trade policy approaches applied specifically to primary commodity imports.
Countries by Import unit value index (2015 = 100)
Ukraine ranks first with an import unit value index of 239.8 against a 2015 baseline of 100, meaning import prices have risen nearly 140 percent in real index terms since that reference year. At the opposite end, Pakistan sits last at 65.0, the only country in the dataset whose index falls below the 2015 baseline. That 174.8-point gap between first and last place reflects the wide variation in how import price levels have shifted across economies since 2015.
Countries by Merchandise imports (current US$)
The United States ranks first in merchandise imports with $3.36 trillion in 2024, more than double second-ranked China at $2.58 trillion. At the other end, Tuvalu recorded just $25 million, placing 207th. The gap between first and last spans over 13 million percent, reflecting the extreme concentration of global goods trade among a small number of large economies.
Countries by Merchandise imports from high-income economies (% of total merchandise imports)
Greenland ranks 1st globally, with 98.35% of its merchandise imports sourced from high-income economies in 2023. At the opposite end, North Korea ranks 205th at just 0.18%. That 98-percentage-point gap reflects the wide variation in how countries' trade networks are oriented toward the world's wealthiest economies.
Countries by Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise imports)
Korea, Dem. People's Rep. ranks 1st with 97.1% of its merchandise imports sourced from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia and Pacific, while Gibraltar ranks last at just 0.07%. The 97-percentage-point gap across 205 countries reflects the degree to which geographic proximity, trade orientation, and economic structure shape import sourcing patterns. This metric captures a specific regional and income-based slice of global merchandise trade flows.
Countries by Merchandise imports by the reporting economy (current US$)
The United States ranked first in merchandise imports in 2023, recording $3.08 trillion — more than any other economy in the world. At the other end, Nauru ranked 205th with just $71.3 million in imports, a gap of over 43 million times. This range reflects the vast differences in economic size, population, and trade integration across 205 countries.
Countries by Import value index (2015 = 100)
Djibouti ranks first with an import value index of 454.7 in 2023, meaning its merchandise import values were more than four and a half times the 2015 baseline. At the opposite end, Venezuela records 32.8, the lowest of 204 countries ranked. The gap of nearly 422 index points illustrates how divergently import volumes and prices have moved across economies since 2015.
Countries by Transport services (% of commercial service imports)
Djibouti ranks 1st globally, with transport services accounting for 91.89% of its commercial service imports, according to World Bank data. At the opposite end, Ireland ranks 191st at just 1.38%, a gap of more than 90 percentage points. The spread reflects how differently countries depend on freight, logistics, and related transport services relative to their total service import mix.
Countries by Medium and high-tech exports (% manufactured exports)
The Philippines ranks first among 153 countries with 80.02% of its manufactured exports classified as medium and high-tech, while Iraq ranks last at just 0.04%. The gap between first and last spans nearly 80 percentage points. The ranking shows no simple correlation between country size, wealth, or region and technology export intensity.
Countries by Export volume index (2015 = 100)
Djibouti leads all 204 countries in the 2023 export volume index with a value of 2902.6, roughly five times the second-ranked country, Timor-Leste, at 993.6. At the opposite end, North Korea (Korea, Dem. People's Rep.) records a value of just 5.6, placing it last. The gap of over 2897 points between first and last reflects the extreme divergence in export growth trajectories relative to the 2015 baseline.
Countries by Export unit value index (2015 = 100)
Lao PDR ranks first with an export unit value index of 202.7 (2015=100), meaning its export prices have more than doubled relative to the 2015 baseline. At the other end, St. Vincent and the Grenadines posts the lowest value at 65.8, nearly 137 points below the leader. The 208% spread across 207 countries reflects substantial divergence in how export prices have moved since 2015.
Countries by Merchandise exports (current US$)
China ranked first in merchandise exports in 2024 with $3.58 trillion, more than 1.7 times the value of second-ranked United States at $2.07 trillion. At the other end, Tuvalu recorded $0 in merchandise exports. The gap between top and bottom illustrates the extreme concentration of global goods trade among a small number of economies.
Countries by Merchandise exports by the reporting economy (current US$)
China ranked 1st in merchandise exports in 2023 with $3.42 trillion, more than 1.7 times the value of 2nd-ranked United States at $2.02 trillion. At the other end, Palau recorded just $1,910,650, making the gap between top and bottom nearly 1.8 billion times. This ranking covers 205 economies and reflects the full spread of global merchandise trade as reported by each economy.
Countries by Export value index (2015 = 100)
Djibouti ranks first with an export value index of 3657.9, meaning its merchandise export values in 2023 were roughly 37 times the 2015 baseline. At the opposite end, North Korea records a value of 6.5, indicating exports have collapsed to a fraction of their 2015 level. The 56,000-percentage-point spread across 204 countries reflects the wide divergence in export trajectories since the base period.
Environment
Countries by PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)
Which countries have the deadliest air you breathe just by stepping outside?
Countries by Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
China ranks 1st in total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF with 14,065.28 Mt CO2e in 2023, more than twice the United States at rank 2 with 4,969.19 Mt CO2e. At the other end, the Central African Republic ranks 176th at -147.59 Mt CO2e, meaning its land use and forestry sectors absorb more carbon than all other sources emit. The gap between first and last reflects both the scale of industrial and energy activity and the role that forest cover plays in net emissions accounting.
Countries by Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
China ranks 1st in total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF at 15,536.12 Mt CO2e, more than 2.6 times the United States' 5,912.62 Mt CO2e at rank 2. At the other end, Nauru ranks 203rd with just 0.0014 Mt CO2e. The gap between the top and bottom spans over 11 million percent, reflecting extreme differences in population, industrial scale, and energy systems across the 203 countries measured.
Countries by Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita)
Palau ranks 1st in greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF per capita, recording 86.68 t CO2e per person — more than 930 times the value of last-ranked Northern Mariana Islands at 0.09 t CO2e per capita. Qatar ranks 2nd at 56.95 t CO2e and Bahrain 3rd at 40.55 t CO2e, all small, fossil-fuel-intensive economies at the top. The scale of this gap reflects the extreme variation in energy use, industrial activity, and population size across 203 countries.
Countries by Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)
India ranks first in agricultural methane (CH4) emissions with 572.27 Mt CO2e, followed by China at 498.98 Mt CO2e and Brazil at 471.81 Mt CO2e. At the opposite end, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, and Palau each record 0.00 Mt CO2e. The gap between first and last reflects the vast differences in livestock populations, rice cultivation area, and overall agricultural scale across the 201 countries ranked.
Countries by Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
India ranks 1st in methane emissions from the building sector at 37.74 Mt CO2e, followed by China at 32.75 Mt CO2e. At the bottom, several small territories including Gibraltar, Grenada, and the Faroe Islands record values of exactly zero. The 999% spread between the highest and lowest values reflects the enormous variation in building energy use and cooking fuel composition across countries of vastly different sizes and development profiles.
Countries by Methane (CH4) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China leads all 192 ranked countries in methane emissions from fugitive energy sources at 736.76 Mt CO2e, more than 4.4 times the United States at rank 2 with 418.87 Mt CO2e. At the other end, eight countries including Iceland, Malta, and Antigua and Barbuda record exactly zero emissions under this metric. The gap between first and last reflects the vast differences in fossil fuel extraction, coal mining, and petroleum infrastructure across economies.
Countries by Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
India ranks 1st in methane emissions from industrial combustion with 4.3877 Mt CO2e, followed by China at 3.8999 Mt CO2e and Brazil at 2.3739 Mt CO2e. At the other end, 11 countries including Antigua and Barbuda, Eritrea, and Kiribati register exactly zero. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans nearly the entire range of the dataset.
Countries by Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
China ranks first in methane emissions from industrial processes with 7.5991 Mt CO2e, a figure nearly 7.4 times larger than second-ranked United States at 1.022 Mt CO2e. At the other end, 17 countries including Bangladesh, Denmark, Iraq, and Pakistan record values of exactly 0 Mt CO2e. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the extreme concentration of industrial methane output in a small number of economies.
Countries by Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
China leads all 203 countries in methane emissions with 1,485.34 Mt CO2e, more than 1.7 times the second-ranked India at 861.61 Mt CO2e. At the bottom, Nauru registers just 0.0009 Mt CO2e, making the gap between first and last over 1.6 million times. That spread reflects the vast differences in population size, agricultural activity, fossil fuel production, and industrial scale across countries.
Countries by Methane (CH4) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China ranks first in methane emissions from the power industry at 4.135 Mt CO2e, more than double the second-ranked United States at 1.997 Mt CO2e. At the other end, eight countries including Albania, Iceland, and Nepal register zero measurable emissions. The gap across 194 countries spans from 4.135 down to 0.000, reflecting vast differences in fossil fuel use in electricity and heat generation.
Countries by Methane (CH4) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China leads all 194 countries in methane emissions from transport with 5.542 Mt CO2e, followed by the United States at 3.5925 Mt CO2e and Iran at 2.6688 Mt CO2e. At the other end of the ranking, Kiribati, Dominica, and the British Virgin Islands each record just 0.0001 Mt CO2e. The gap between the top and bottom of the ranking spans more than 5.5 million percent, reflecting the vast differences in fleet size, fuel type, and transport activity across economies.
Countries by Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
Equatorial Guinea ranks 1st with methane emissions 3,075.21% above its 1990 baseline, the highest recorded change among 203 countries. At the opposite end, Syria ranks 203rd at -75.97%, the steepest reduction from 1990 levels. The 3,151 percentage point spread reflects the wide divergence in industrialization trajectories, energy sector growth, and agricultural expansion since 1990.
Countries by Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China ranks first in CO2 emissions from buildings at 586.64 Mt CO2e, fractionally ahead of the United States at 557.85 Mt CO2e. At the other end, Dominica records just 0.0067 Mt CO2e, rank 193 of 193. The gap between the top and bottom spans more than 8.7 million percent, reflecting the combined weight of population size, climate, and energy infrastructure.
Countries by Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China tops the ranking of CO2 emissions from industrial combustion with 2,793.02 Mt CO2e, more than four times the output of second-ranked India at 689.15 Mt CO2e. At the other end, the Democratic Republic of Congo records 0 Mt CO2e, placing 193rd. The gap between the highest and lowest values illustrates the extreme concentration of industrial energy activity across a small number of economies.
Countries by Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
China ranks 1st in CO2 emissions from industrial processes at 1,396.17 Mt CO2e, more than five times the output of second-ranked India at 258.48 Mt CO2e. At the other end, Nauru and Tuvalu both record 0 Mt CO2e, rounding to zero. The gap between the top and bottom reflects the vast differences in industrial scale, manufacturing activity, and resource extraction across 203 economies.
Countries by Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
China ranks first in CO2 emissions excluding LULUCF at 13,124.73 Mt CO2e, nearly three times the United States at rank 2 with 4,632.16 Mt CO2e. At the other end, Nauru and Tuvalu both record 0 Mt CO2e, placing joint 202nd. The gap between the top and bottom of this 203-country ranking spans more than 13,000 Mt CO2e.
Countries by Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita)
Palau ranks first in CO2 emissions per capita at 82.84 t CO2e per capita, more than four times the value of second-ranked Qatar at 47.33 t CO2e per capita. At the other end, Nauru and Tuvalu both record 0.00 t CO2e per capita, sharing rank 202. The gap between the highest and lowest values spans more than 82 tonnes per person.
Countries by Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China tops the ranking of CO2 emissions from power industry with 6,577.95 Mt CO2e, more than four times the second-ranked country, India, at 1,506.83 Mt CO2e. At the bottom, Albania and Nepal both register exactly zero, while Costa Rica records just 0.0041 Mt CO2e. The gap between first and last illustrates the extreme concentration of power-sector emissions among a small number of large economies.
Countries by Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2015 US$ of GDP)
Palau ranks 1st globally on carbon intensity of GDP with a value of 6.01 kg CO2e per constant 2015 US dollar, more than 90 times the value recorded by Switzerland at rank 188 (0.042). The spread across 199 countries runs from 6.01 down to 0.00, with Nauru and Tuvalu both recording zero. This gap reflects extreme variation in how much CO2 economies emit per unit of output.
Countries by Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $ of GDP)
Palau ranks 1st in carbon intensity of GDP with a value of 4.80 kg CO2e per 2021 PPP dollar, a figure more than six times higher than the second-ranked country, Libya, at 0.69. At the other end, Nauru and Tuvalu both record a value of exactly 0, tied at rank 190. The 191-country spread from 0 to 4.80 reflects the wide variation in how much CO2 emissions different economies produce per unit of economic output.
Countries by Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
The United States leads all 194 countries with 1,678.56 Mt CO2e in annual transport CO2 emissions, more than 1.8 times China's second-place total of 928.70 Mt CO2e. At the other end of the ranking, Dominica records just 0.03 Mt CO2e. The gap between first and last spans a range of over 5.9 million percent, reflecting the enormous differences in population, fleet size, and transport infrastructure across countries.
Countries by F-gases emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
China ranks 1st in F-gases emissions from industrial processes at 502.44 Mt CO2e, a figure more than twice that of the 2nd-ranked United States at 221.49 Mt CO2e. At the other end, Suriname ranks 154th with a recorded value of 0 Mt CO2e. The 999% spread between the highest and lowest values reflects extreme concentration of these emissions among a small number of large industrial economies.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)
China ranks first in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agriculture at 249.49 Mt CO2e, followed by India at 200.37 Mt CO2e and Brazil at 146.31 Mt CO2e. At the opposite end, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, and Palau all record 0.00 Mt CO2e. The gap between the top and bottom of the ranking spans nearly 250 Mt CO2e, reflecting the combined weight of agricultural scale, livestock populations, and crop management intensity.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China ranks first in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from buildings at 9.3066 Mt CO2e, followed by India at 8.2803 Mt CO2e and the United States at 5.5429 Mt CO2e. At the other end of the scale, five countries including Brunei Darussalam, the Faroe Islands, and Guam record 0 Mt CO2e. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans more than 9 Mt CO2e, reflecting the combined effect of population size, building stock scale, and fuel use in residential and non-specified sectors.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China ranks 1st in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from fugitive energy sources, recording 0.9269 Mt CO2e. At the other end, 36 countries record exactly 0.00 Mt CO2e, placing them jointly at rank 152. The gap between the highest and lowest values reflects the uneven global distribution of fossil fuel extraction, refining, and coal sector activity.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
India leads all 193 countries in nitrous oxide emissions from industrial combustion with 5.8369 Mt CO2e, narrowly ahead of China at 5.7324 Mt CO2e. At the other end, eight countries including Bermuda, Grenada, and Kiribati record 0 Mt CO2e. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans nearly the entire range of 0 to 5.84 Mt CO2e.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
China ranks first in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from industrial processes at 38.52 Mt CO2e, followed by the United States at 33.89 Mt CO2e and the Russian Federation at 23.35 Mt CO2e. At the opposite end, Virgin Islands (U.S.) records 0 Mt CO2e, making the gap between first and last effectively the full range of the dataset. The spread reflects deep differences in the scale and composition of industrial activity across 203 countries.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
China leads all 203 ranked countries in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions excluding LULUCF, recording 423.62 Mt CO2e, more than the combined totals of second-ranked India (283.50 Mt CO2e) and third-ranked United States (215.60 Mt CO2e). At the other end, Nauru sits at rank 203 with just 0.0005 Mt CO2e, placing the range at over 84 million percent between first and last. That gap reflects the profound differences in agricultural scale, population size, and industrial activity across the 203 countries covered.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China ranks 1st in nitrous oxide emissions from the power industry at 64.79 Mt CO2e, more than double the combined total of the next four ranked countries. At the other end, six countries including Iceland, Nepal, and Ethiopia record 0.00 Mt CO2e. The gap between the highest and lowest emitters spans nearly the full range of industrial power development.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
China ranks first in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from transport with 23.15 Mt CO2e, followed closely by the United States at 20.68 Mt CO2e. At the opposite end, Dominica and the British Virgin Islands each record just 0.0003 Mt CO2e. The gap between the top and bottom of the ranking spans more than 7.7 million percent, reflecting the extreme variation in transport activity and fleet size across 194 countries.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e)
China ranks first in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from waste at 31.69 Mt CO2e, more than 1.6 times the value of second-ranked India at 18.93 Mt CO2e. At the other end of the ranking, Tuvalu records just 0.0001 Mt CO2e, placing 203rd. The gap between the top and bottom reflects the combined effect of population scale, urbanization levels, and the volume of solid waste and wastewater generated.
Countries by Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
The Turks and Caicos Islands recorded the highest percentage change in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions since 1990, at 4500% above its 1990 baseline, ranking 1st among 203 countries. At the other end, North Korea (Korea, Dem. People's Rep.) posted the steepest decline at -71.7%, ranking 203rd. The 6,379-percentage-point spread between the top and bottom reflects how differently countries' N2O emission levels have moved since the 1990 reference year.
Countries by Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
Equatorial Guinea ranks 1st globally with a 4,294.55% increase in total greenhouse gas emissions relative to its 1990 baseline, while Ukraine sits at the opposite end with a 79.86% decrease (rank 203). The 4,374-percentage-point spread between these two countries reflects the enormous divergence in emissions trajectories since the Kyoto Protocol baseline year of 1990.
Countries by Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Somalia leads all 180 countries ranked, with 99.48% of its total freshwater withdrawals going to agriculture. At the opposite end, Monaco, Singapore, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines each record 0%, reflecting entirely different water-use structures. The nearly 100-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom illustrates how sharply agricultural dependence on freshwater varies across economies.
Countries by Annual freshwater withdrawals, domestic (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Brunei Darussalam leads all 180 ranked countries with a domestic freshwater withdrawal share of 164.67%, a figure that exceeds 100% due to extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination. At the opposite end, Somalia records just 0.45%, reflecting an almost entirely agricultural and industrial allocation of water withdrawals. The 364-fold gap between first and last illustrates how sharply domestic water use priorities and supply structures differ across nations.
Countries by Annual freshwater withdrawals, industry (% of total freshwater withdrawal)
Montenegro leads all 179 countries ranked, with 94.20% of its total freshwater withdrawals going to industry. At the opposite end, six countries including Djibouti and Dominica report 0.00%, meaning industry accounts for none of their recorded freshwater use. The gap between top and bottom reflects fundamentally different economic structures and water-use priorities across the ranking.
Countries by Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources
Kuwait ranks first with a water stress level of 3850.5, meaning its total freshwater withdrawals are roughly 38 times the volume of its renewable freshwater resources. At the opposite end, Congo, Rep. records a value of 0.03, the lowest among all 178 countries covered. The gap between these two countries spans more than 14 million percent, reflecting profound differences in resource availability relative to demand.
Countries by Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters)
India leads all countries in annual freshwater withdrawals at 647.5 billion cubic meters, followed by China at 568.48 and the United States at 444.29. At the other end, Antigua and Barbuda withdraws just 0.0044 billion cubic meters per year. The gap between first and last spans more than 14 million percent, reflecting vast differences in population, agricultural scale, and water infrastructure.
Countries by Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
Egypt, Arab Rep. ranks 1st with annual freshwater withdrawals equal to 7,750% of its internal renewable resources, meaning the country extracts roughly 77 times more water than its natural freshwater base can replenish each year. At the other extreme, Congo, Rep. ranks 177th at just 0.02%. The gap between these two countries reflects the difference between extreme water scarcity supplemented by external sources and vast, underutilized river basin resources.
Countries by Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)
Iceland ranks 1st with 445,022.68 cubic meters of renewable internal freshwater resources per capita, the highest of any country in this 183-country ranking. Kuwait, at rank 183, records exactly zero. The gap between these two countries spans the full range of natural water availability relative to population size.
Countries by Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)
Seychelles leads all 213 countries in terrestrial protected areas, with 68.1% of its total land area under protection. At the other end, Eritrea, Micronesia, Nauru, and Somalia record 0%, leaving the full range at 68.1 percentage points. That gap reflects widely divergent national approaches to designating and reporting protected land.
Governance
Countries by Control of Corruption: Estimate
Denmark leads all 205 ranked countries with a Control of Corruption estimate of 2.38 in 2023, placing it well above the next-highest finisher, Finland, at 2.22. At the opposite end, South Sudan records -1.97, producing a total range of more than 4.3 points between the best and worst performers. That gap reflects the wide dispersion in perceived governance quality captured across the World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators dataset.
Countries by Control of Corruption: Number of Sources
Ghana ranks 1st globally with 15 sources contributing to its Control of Corruption score, the highest of any country in the 2023 dataset. At the other end, eight countries including American Samoa, Andorra, and Bermuda register just 1 source each, ranking 198th. The 14-point gap between the top and bottom reflects how unevenly survey and expert coverage is distributed across countries in this governance dataset.
Countries by Control of Corruption: Percentile Rank
Denmark leads all 205 countries with a Control of Corruption percentile rank of 100%, while South Sudan sits at the bottom with a score of 0%. The 100-percentage-point gap between them represents the full width of the distribution across this World Bank governance measure. The ranking reflects where each country falls relative to all others, not an absolute measure of corruption volume.
Countries by Control of Corruption: Percentile Rank, Lower Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Denmark leads all 205 countries with a lower-bound percentile rank of 98.58% on the Control of Corruption index for 2023. At the other end, 13 countries including Somalia, South Sudan, and Venezuela score exactly 0.00%, producing a range that spans the full width of the scale. That gap of nearly 99 percentage points reflects the degree to which perceived corruption control varies across the world's governments.
Countries by Control of Corruption: Percentile Rank, Upper Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Denmark, Finland, and Norway each achieve a perfect score of 100% in the 2023 Control of Corruption Percentile Rank Upper Bound, placing them at the top of 205 countries assessed. At the other extreme, South Sudan scores just 1.89%, producing a gap of more than 98 percentage points between the best and worst performers. That spread reflects the wide variation in perceived governance quality captured across the full global dataset.
Countries by Government Effectiveness: Number of Sources
Ghana ranks 1st out of 205 countries with a government effectiveness source count of 13, the highest recorded in the 2023 dataset. At the other end, ten territories and small states including American Samoa, Andorra, and Bermuda record just 1 source each. The gap between top and bottom reflects how broadly or narrowly each country is covered by the underlying surveys and expert assessments that feed into the Worldwide Governance Indicators.
Countries by Government Effectiveness: Percentile Rank
Singapore ranks 1st with a perfect percentile score of 100% on the World Bank's Government Effectiveness indicator, while South Sudan sits last at 0% — a complete span of the ranking. The 205-country dataset shows a wide and continuous distribution, with no clustering at the extremes suggesting the gap reflects deep structural variation in governance capacity across countries.
Countries by Government Effectiveness: Percentile Rank, Lower Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Singapore ranks first among 205 countries with a government effectiveness percentile rank lower bound of 97.64%, according to 2023 World Bank data. At the other end, seven countries including Afghanistan, Somalia, and Yemen score 0.00%, the lowest possible value. The 97.64 percentage point gap between the top and bottom reflects the extreme variation in perceived government capacity across the world.
Countries by Government Effectiveness: Percentile Rank, Upper Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Five countries — Denmark, Luxembourg, Monaco, Singapore, and Switzerland — share the top rank with a perfect score of 100% on the Government Effectiveness Percentile Rank Upper Bound of 90% Confidence Interval for 2023. At the opposite end, South Sudan and Yemen each score just 2.36%, placing them joint last among 205 countries. The 97.64 percentage-point gap between the top and bottom reflects the wide variation in perceived governance quality captured by this measure.
Countries by Government Effectiveness: Standard Error
Nine countries share rank 1 with a government effectiveness standard error of 0.513, the highest value in this 205-country ranking for 2023. At the bottom, Ghana holds rank 205 with a value of 0.197. The gap between top and bottom spans 0.316 units, reflecting wide variation in measurement precision across countries.
Countries by Armed forces personnel (% of total labor force)
Eritrea ranks 1st globally with 13.29% of its total labor force serving as armed forces personnel in 2020, more than 1.5 times the share of 2nd-ranked North Korea at 8.62%. At the other end of the ranking, Iceland, Libya, and West Bank and Gaza each record 0%, sharing rank 166 among 168 countries. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans over 13 percentage points.
Countries by Military expenditure (current USD)
The United States leads global military expenditure by an extraordinary margin, spending $997.3 billion in 2024 — more than three times the second-ranked country, China, at $313.7 billion. At the other end of the ranking, Costa Rica, Iceland, Panama, and Venezuela each record zero expenditure. The gap between the top and bottom of the ranking spans nearly one trillion dollars.
Countries by Military expenditure (% of GDP)
Ukraine ranks 1st with military expenditure equal to 34.48% of GDP, more than three times the value of second-ranked Israel at 8.78%. At the other end, Haiti spends just 0.07% of GDP on its military. The 50,000-percentage-point spread across 156 countries reflects the wide variation in how governments prioritize defense relative to their economies.
Countries by Military expenditure (% of general government expenditure)
Ukraine ranks first among 153 countries with 54.01% of general government expenditure directed to the military. At the other end, Sierra Leone records just 0.003%. The gap of more than 54 percentage points reflects the extreme variation in how governments prioritize defense within their overall budgets.
Countries by Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism: Number of Sources
India, Mexico, New Zealand, and Singapore share the top rank in this metric, each recorded with 9 sources contributing to their political stability and absence of violence/terrorism assessment in 2023. At the other end, American Samoa stands alone at rank 205 with just 1 source. The gap between 9 and 1 reflects how unevenly the underlying governance survey infrastructure covers different countries and territories.
Countries by Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism: Percentile Rank
The Cayman Islands leads 205 countries with a political stability and absence of violence/terrorism percentile rank of 99.53%, while Syria sits at the absolute bottom with a score of 0%. The gap between them spans the full width of the index. The spread from 0% to 99.53% reflects the extreme variation in governance stability recorded across the world in 2023.
Countries by Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism: Percentile Rank, Lower Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Liechtenstein ranks first among 205 countries on the Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism lower-bound percentile, scoring 94.79% in 2023. At the other end, seven countries including Afghanistan, Iraq, Mali, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen each score 0.00%. The 94.79-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the extreme range in political stability conditions across the world.
Countries by Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism: Percentile Rank, Upper Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Eight countries, including Singapore, Andorra, and Brunei Darussalam, achieved a perfect score of 100% on the Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism percentile rank upper bound in 2023. At the opposite end, Mali and the Syrian Arab Republic scored 2.84%, the lowest values in a dataset of 205 countries. The gap of 97.16 percentage points between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the extreme variance in perceived political stability across the globe.
Countries by Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism: Standard Error
American Samoa leads all 205 countries with a political stability standard error of 0.398, meaning its estimate carries the widest uncertainty band in the dataset. At the bottom, Singapore, New Zealand, Mexico, and India share the narrowest standard error of 0.205. The gap of roughly 0.193 points reflects the difference in how precisely the WGI model can estimate political stability across countries with very different data environments.
Countries by Rule of Law: Estimate
Finland ranks 1st with a rule of law estimate of 1.97, the highest among all 205 countries assessed in 2023. At the opposite end, Somalia scores -2.21, producing a total spread of more than 4.1 points between the top and bottom. That range reflects the breadth of institutional difference captured by this governance metric across the full global sample.
Countries by Rule of Law: Number of Sources
Ghana ranks 1st with 16 sources contributing to its Rule of Law score in 2023, the highest count among 205 countries and territories covered. At the other end, eight territories including American Samoa, Andorra, and Bermuda each record just 1 source. The 15-point gap between top and bottom reflects how unevenly the underlying survey and expert data are distributed across countries.
Countries by Rule of Law: Percentile Rank
Finland ranks 1st with a perfect rule of law percentile score of 100%, while Somalia ranks last at 0% among 205 countries measured in 2023. The 100-percentage-point gap between top and bottom reflects the full range of the percentile scale. No two countries illustrate the extremes of governance quality more starkly than these two.
Countries by Rule of Law: Percentile Rank, Lower Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Finland tops the 2023 rule of law lower-bound confidence interval ranking with a score of 95.28%, placing it first among 205 countries. At the opposite end, Somalia, South Sudan, the Syrian Arab Republic, and Venezuela each score 0.00%. The 95-point gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the wide variation in how legal institutions and governance function across countries.
Countries by Rule of Law: Percentile Rank, Upper Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Fourteen countries, including Denmark, Finland, New Zealand, Norway, and Switzerland, achieved a perfect score of 100% on the Rule of Law Percentile Rank Upper Bound of 90% Confidence Interval in 2023. At the other end, Somalia and Venezuela each scored just 1.42%, placing them joint-last among 205 countries. The gap between the top and bottom spans nearly 99 percentage points, reflecting the extreme variation in how rule of law is perceived across the world.
Countries by Regulatory Quality: Number of Sources
Ghana ranks 1st with 12 sources contributing to its Regulatory Quality score in 2023, the highest count among 205 countries and territories covered. At the other end, eight territories including American Samoa, Andorra, and Bermuda each register just 1 source. The gap between top and bottom reflects differences in how extensively each country is surveyed, not necessarily differences in governance quality itself.
Countries by Regulatory Quality: Percentile Rank
Singapore ranks 1st with a regulatory quality percentile rank of 100%, the highest score among all 205 countries measured in 2023. At the other end, Korea, Dem. People's Rep. scores 0.00%, placing last. The 100-percentage-point gap between these two countries illustrates the full range of regulatory environments captured by this metric.
Countries by Regulatory Quality: Percentile Rank, Lower Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Singapore leads all 205 countries with a regulatory quality lower-bound percentile rank of 99.53%, according to 2023 World Bank data. At the other end, six countries including Venezuela, Turkmenistan, and South Sudan score exactly 0.00%. The 99.53 percentage-point gap between the top and bottom illustrates the full range of variation in perceived regulatory quality worldwide.
Countries by Regulatory Quality: Percentile Rank, Upper Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Four countries — Australia, Luxembourg, Macao SAR China, and Singapore — share the top position with a perfect upper-bound regulatory quality percentile rank of 100% in 2023. At the other end, Eritrea scores just 1.42%, placing 205th out of 205 countries. The resulting gap of 98.58 percentage points reflects the extreme variation in perceived regulatory quality across the world.
Countries by Voice and Accountability: Number of Sources
Four countries — Ghana, Liberia, Mozambique, and Nigeria — share the top rank with 14 sources each in the 2023 Voice and Accountability: Number of Sources metric. At the bottom, 12 territories and small states record just 1 source, producing a range of 1 to 14 across 203 countries. That 1,300% spread indicates substantial variation in how many independent data points underpin each country's governance score.
Countries by Voice and Accountability: Percentile Rank
Norway leads all 203 countries with a voice and accountability percentile rank of 100% in 2023, while North Korea sits at the opposite extreme with a score of exactly 0%. The 100-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking illustrates the full breadth of variation in how freely populations can participate in selecting their governments and express political views. This dataset captures that variation across virtually every country in the world.
Countries by Voice and Accountability: Percentile Rank, Lower Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Norway ranks 1st in the 2023 Voice and Accountability lower-bound percentile ranking with a score of 96.08%, the highest among 203 countries measured. At the other end, eight countries including North Korea, Syria, Turkmenistan, and Eritrea score 0.00%. The 96-point gap between the top and bottom reflects the wide divergence in governance conditions recorded across the dataset.
Countries by Voice and Accountability: Percentile Rank, Upper Bound of 90% Confidence Interval
Eight countries, including Denmark, Finland, Norway, New Zealand, and Switzerland, share the top score of 100% on the upper bound of the 90% confidence interval for Voice and Accountability percentile rank in 2023. At the other end, Korea, Dem. People's Rep. ranks 203rd with a score of just 2.45%. The nearly 98-percentage-point gap between top and bottom reflects the extreme variation in governance conditions captured across 203 countries.
Countries by Voice and Accountability: Standard Error
American Samoa and Guam share the top rank with a Voice and Accountability standard error of 0.526, meaning estimates for these territories carry the widest uncertainty in the dataset. At the opposite end, eight Eastern European EU members including Slovenia and Poland share rank 196 with a value of 0.105, less than one-fifth the top figure. The 401.9% spread between the highest and lowest values reflects how sharply sample coverage and country size affect measurement precision.
Labour
Countries by Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Burundi ranks first globally, with 93.1% of employed women working in agriculture, hunting, forestry, or fishing. At the opposite end, Qatar records just 0.01%, placing last among 186 countries. The gap of more than 93 percentage points reflects the wide range of economic structures captured across this ranking.
Countries by Employment in agriculture, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Burundi ranks first among 186 countries with 77.01% of male employment in agriculture, meaning roughly three in four working men are engaged in farming, hunting, forestry, or fishing. At the other end, Singapore records just 0.11%, the lowest share in the dataset. The gap of nearly 77 percentage points reflects the wide variation in economic structure across countries.
Countries by Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Burundi ranks first globally, with 85.3% of its total employment in agriculture, meaning more than four in five workers are engaged in farming, hunting, forestry, or fishing. At the other end, Singapore records just 0.095%, reflecting an almost entirely services- and industry-based workforce. The 85-percentage-point gap between these two countries illustrates how sharply agricultural employment varies with economic structure.
Countries by Employers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Nigeria ranks 1st globally with 28.19% of male employment classified as employers, a share more than 150 times higher than Ethiopia's last-place figure of 0.19%. The 186-country dataset spans every major region and income level, with values ranging from under 0.5% across several Gulf and Eastern European states to double digits in a handful of African and Southeast Asian economies. That spread reflects deep structural differences in how male employment is organized across labor markets.
Countries by Self-employed, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Chad ranks first globally with 96.75% of employed women classified as self-employed, meaning nearly all working women in the country operate outside formal wage employment. At the other end, Qatar records just 1.24%, placing it 186th out of 186 countries. The gap between these two extremes spans more than 95 percentage points, reflecting stark differences in the structure of female labor markets across the world.
Countries by Self-employed, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Chad ranks first among 186 countries for male self-employment, with 88.07% of male workers classified as self-employed according to 2025 ILO modeled estimates. At the other end, Qatar records just 0.74%, making the gap between first and last place more than 87 percentage points. That spread reflects the wide variation in labor market structure, from largely informal agrarian economies to heavily state- or employer-dominated workforce arrangements.
Countries by Self-employed, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Chad ranks first among 186 countries with 91.56% of its total employment classified as self-employment, according to the World Bank's modeled ILO estimates for 2025. At the opposite extreme, Qatar ranks last at just 0.83%. That gap of more than 90 percentage points reflects the wide variation in labor market structures across the countries covered.
Countries by Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
Solomon Islands ranks first in the female employment to population ratio among adults aged 15 and older, with 81.2% of the female population employed as of 2025. At the other end, Yemen records just 3.2%, producing a gap of nearly 78 percentage points between the top and bottom of the 186-country ranking. The spread reflects substantial variation across regions in how female labor is counted and distributed.
Countries by Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
Qatar ranks first among 186 countries in the male employment to population ratio with 95.49%, meaning nearly all males aged 15 and older are employed. At the other end, Sao Tome and Principe records 21.80%, less than a quarter of the same age group. The 73.7 percentage point gap reflects the wide variation in male labor market participation across economies of vastly different structures.
Countries by Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
Qatar ranks 1st with an employment-to-population ratio of 86.9%, meaning nearly 9 in 10 people aged 15 and older are employed. At the other end, Sao Tome and Principe ranks 186th at just 21.2%. The 65.7 percentage-point gap between top and bottom reflects wide structural differences in how economies absorb working-age populations.
Countries by Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Chad ranks first with 96.2% of female employment classified as vulnerable, meaning nearly all working women there are contributing family workers or own-account workers. At the other end, Bahrain records just 0.62%, giving the ranking a spread of more than 95 percentage points. That gap reflects the wide variation in formal employment access for women across 186 countries.
Countries by Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Chad ranks first globally for male vulnerable employment, with 86.2% of male workers classified as own-account or contributing family workers as of 2025. At the opposite end, Qatar records just 0.40%, giving the ranking a spread of nearly 86 percentage points. That gap reflects the full range of labor market structures captured across 186 countries.
Countries by Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Chad ranks first with 90.2% of its workforce in vulnerable employment, meaning nine in ten workers are either contributing family workers or own-account workers with no formal employment security. At the other end, Qatar records just 0.46%, the lowest of 186 countries ranked. The 89.8 percentage point gap between them reflects the full spectrum of labour market formality across the world.
Countries by Wage and salaried workers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Qatar ranks first globally with 98.76% of employed women holding wage or salaried positions, meaning nearly all female workers there are in formal paid employment contracts. At the opposite end, Chad ranks 186th at just 3.25%, where the vast majority of employed women work outside formal wage arrangements. The gap of more than 95 percentage points reflects the extreme variation in female labor market structure across 186 countries.
Countries by Wage and salaried workers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Qatar ranks first with 99.3% of male workers in wage and salaried employment, meaning nearly every working man holds a formal paid job. At the other end, Chad ranks 186th at just 11.9%, where self-employment and informal work dominate. The 87-percentage-point gap between top and bottom reflects deep structural differences in labor markets across the 186 countries covered.
Countries by Wage and salaried workers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Qatar ranks first globally, with wage and salaried workers making up 99.17% of total employment, meaning nearly the entire workforce holds jobs with explicit or implicit employment contracts and fixed remuneration. At the other end, Chad ranks 186th at just 8.44%, where self-employment and informal work dominate. The 90-percentage-point gap between these two countries illustrates the vast structural differences in labor markets across the world.
Countries by Contributing family workers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Solomon Islands ranks first globally, with 44.27% of male employment classified as contributing family workers, more than double the share of third-ranked Timor-Leste at 28.68%. At the other end, Guyana records just 0.04%, a gap of over 1,200 percentage points between the top and bottom. That spread reflects deep structural differences in how male labor is organized across economies.
Countries by GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $)
Luxembourg ranks first in GDP per person employed at $263,864 (constant 2021 PPP $), more than 107 times the value recorded for last-placed Burundi at $2,444. The spread from top to bottom — a range of over 10,695% — reflects profound differences in the economic output each employed worker generates across the 177 countries covered. Ireland ($234,913) and Singapore ($223,022) occupy the second and third positions, while the lowest-ranked countries are concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa.
Countries by Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Lesotho ranks first among 186 countries in female employment in industry, with 35.71% of female employment falling in the industrial sector. At the other end, Burundi records just 0.55%, producing a gap of more than 35 percentage points between the top and bottom. The spread reflects wide variation in how female labor is distributed across industrial activity worldwide.
Countries by Employment in industry, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
The Slovak Republic ranks first globally, with 47.55% of male employment concentrated in industry, just ahead of Czechia at 46.31% and Qatar at 45.51%. At the opposite end, South Sudan records just 2.02%, meaning male workers there are almost entirely outside industry. The 45-percentage-point gap across 186 countries reflects deeply different economic structures and labor market compositions worldwide.
Countries by Employment in industry (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Oman ranks first globally for employment in industry as a share of total employment, with 39.44% of its workforce in the sector. At the other end, South Sudan records just 1.67%, producing a gap of nearly 38 percentage points between the top and bottom. That spread reflects the wide variation in how economies are structured across 186 countries.
Countries by Employment in services, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Djibouti ranks first globally, with 98.2% of employed women working in the services sector, according to 2025 World Bank modeled ILO estimates. At the other end, Afghanistan sits last at 3.7%, yielding a gap of nearly 95 percentage points between the two countries. This spread reflects the wide variation in how female labor is distributed across sectors worldwide.
Countries by Employment in services, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Djibouti ranks first globally for male employment in services at 89.9% of male employment, while Burundi sits at the opposite extreme with just 17.2%. That gap of more than 72 percentage points spans 186 countries and reflects the full range of economic structures worldwide, from service-dominated urban economies to agrarian ones where most male workers remain in agriculture.
Countries by Employment in services (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
Djibouti leads all 186 countries ranked by employment in services as a share of total employment, with 92.2% of its workforce in the services sector. At the other end, Burundi records just 11.6%, producing a gap of more than 80 percentage points between the top and bottom. That spread reflects the wide range of economic structures captured across this dataset.
Countries by Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
Burundi ranks first among 186 countries with a female-to-male labor force participation ratio of 103.3%, meaning women participate in the labor force at a slightly higher rate than men. At the opposite end, Afghanistan records a ratio of just 7.3%, placing it 186th. The 96-percentage-point gap between these two countries reflects the wide variation in how equally men and women participate in economic activity across the world.
Countries by Labor force, female (% of total labor force)
Moldova ranks first globally with women making up 55.36% of its total labor force, the only country where women form a clear majority of workers. At the other end, Afghanistan sits last at just 6.78%, a gap of nearly 49 percentage points. This spread across 186 countries reflects wide variation in how women participate in paid and self-employed work worldwide.
Countries by Labor force, total
Which countries have the most working-age people ready to power their economies?
Countries by Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)
West Bank and Gaza leads all 186 countries with a female unemployment rate of 40.00%, nearly 173 times higher than Cambodia at the bottom of the ranking with 0.23%. The gap between first and last spans more than 39 percentage points, reflecting extreme variation in female labor force conditions across regions. High-income, low-income, and conflict-affected economies are distributed throughout the ranking in ways that do not follow a simple pattern.
Countries by Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)
Eswatini records the highest male unemployment rate among 186 countries at 32.46%, meaning roughly one in three men in its labor force is without work but actively seeking it. At the opposite end, Qatar posts just 0.072%, a gap of more than 32 percentage points. That spread reflects the wide variation in labor market structures, economic conditions, and statistical measurement practices across the countries covered.
Countries by Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)
Eswatini records the highest unemployment rate in this 186-country ranking at 34.202%, meaning more than one in three labor force participants are without work but actively seeking it. At the opposite end, Qatar posts a rate of just 0.130%, a gap of more than 34 percentage points. That spread — covering 186 countries across every income level and region — illustrates how unevenly labor market conditions are distributed globally.
Society & Culture
Countries by Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
Macao SAR, China ranks first in population density at 20,569.70 people per square kilometer, followed by Monaco at 18,692.90. At the opposite end, Greenland records just 0.14 people per square kilometer, meaning the gap between the most and least dense territories spans more than 148,000 times.
Countries by Population living in slums (% of urban population)
South Sudan ranks first with 94.2% of its urban population living in slums, meaning nearly all city dwellers lack adequate housing conditions by international standards. At the other end, 18 countries including Germany, France, Singapore, and Norway report 0%. The 94.2 percentage point gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the extreme disparity in urban living conditions across the 196 countries covered.
Countries by Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population)
Hong Kong SAR and Singapore both score 100%, meaning their entire populations live in urban agglomerations exceeding one million people. At the other end, Ethiopia registers just 4.40%, the lowest of 121 countries ranked. The gap between these extremes spans more than 95 percentage points, reflecting stark differences in how populations are distributed across large metropolitan centers.
Countries by Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
Rwanda ranks 1st globally for women in national parliaments, with 63.75% of lower chamber seats held by women as of 2024. At the other end, Oman, Tuvalu, and Yemen each record 0%. The 63.75 percentage point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking illustrates the wide variation in legislative gender representation across 193 countries.
Countries by Women Business and the Law Index Score (scale 1-100)
Fourteen countries, including Belgium, Canada, France, and Spain, achieve a perfect score of 100 on the Women Business and the Law Index in 2023, meaning their laws impose no measured restrictions on women's economic opportunity. At the other end, West Bank and Gaza ranks 189th with a score of 26.25, and Yemen ranks 188th with 26.875. The 73.75-point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking reflects the wide variation in how national laws treat women's economic rights.
Countries by Average transaction cost of sending remittances to a specific country (%)
Cuba ranks 1st with an average remittance transaction cost of 19.63%, the highest among all 104 countries measured. At the other extreme, Malawi (rank 104) records -49.69%, a value so far outside the normal range it flags as a data anomaly rather than a meaningful cost figure. The gap between these two endpoints spans nearly 70 percentage points, illustrating the extreme variance within this dataset.
Countries by Asylum-seekers by country or territory of origin
Venezuela ranks first among all countries by asylum-seekers originating from its territory, with 1,360,041 individuals whose claims have not yet been determined as of 2024. At the other end, five countries including Cayman Islands, Curacao, Luxembourg, Monaco, and Palau record zero asylum-seekers originating from their territory. The gap between first and last spans over 1.36 million people.
Countries by Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of origin
The Syrian Arab Republic ranks 1st with 5,952,174 refugees under UNHCR mandate originating from its territory, followed closely by Afghanistan at rank 2 with 5,766,586. At the opposite end, six countries including Iceland, Brunei Darussalam, and Tuvalu report zero. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking reflects the extreme concentration of forced displacement in a small number of origin countries.
Countries by International migrant stock, total
The United States ranks first for international migrant stock with 52,375,047 migrants, more than three times the total of second-ranked Germany at 16,750,084. At the other end, Tuvalu records just 246 migrants, placing 214th out of 214 countries. That gap of more than 52 million reflects the extreme concentration of international migration in a small number of large or high-income destinations.
Countries by Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
Somalia, Fed. Rep. ranks first in total fertility rate with 6.132 births per woman in 2023, followed closely by Chad at 6.12 and Niger at 6.061. At the opposite end, Macao SAR, China records 0.586, less than one-tenth of Somalia's figure. The gap between rank 1 and rank 216 spans a range of more than 5.5 births per woman across 216 countries.
Countries by Sex ratio at birth (male births per female births)
Liechtenstein ranks first with a sex ratio at birth of 1.163 male births per female birth, the highest recorded among 216 countries in 2023. At the other end, Namibia and Zambia share rank 215 with a ratio of 1.011. The 0.152-point gap between top and bottom spans a narrow but meaningful range that varies systematically by region.
Countries by Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)
Central African Republic ranks first in age dependency ratio at 104.7%, meaning dependents outnumber the working-age population. At the opposite end, Qatar records 20.1%, the lowest of 216 countries ranked. The 84-percentage-point gap between these two countries reflects the wide variation in demographic structures captured by this metric.
Countries by Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population)
Monaco ranks first with an old-age dependency ratio of 71.81%, meaning there are roughly 72 people older than 64 for every 100 working-age residents. At the other end, Qatar ranks 216th at just 2.01%. The 69.8 percentage-point gap reflects stark differences in population age structure across the 216 countries covered.
Countries by Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population)
Central African Republic ranks first with a young age dependency ratio of 100.32%, meaning there are roughly as many children under 15 as there are working-age adults. At the other end, South Korea records 15.06%, the lowest among all 216 countries measured. The gap of more than 85 percentage points reflects the extreme divergence in demographic structures across the world.
Countries by Population, female
India ranks first with a female population of 702,612,364, narrowly ahead of China at 691,221,827. At the other end, Tuvalu records just 4,710 female residents, making the gap between first and last nearly 149,000-fold. The ranking spans 216 countries and reflects the full scale of demographic difference across the world.
Countries by Population, total
India ranks first globally with a population of 1,450,935,791 as of 2024, narrowly ahead of China at 1,408,975,000. At the other end of the ranking, Tuvalu records just 9,646 residents, placing it 216th. The gap between the top and bottom entries spans more than 150 million to one.
Countries by Population, male
India ranks first globally for male population with 748,323,427 males, narrowly ahead of China at 717,753,173. At the other end, Tuvalu records just 4,936 males, making the gap between first and last more than 150,000-fold. This ranking spans 216 countries and reflects the full scale of demographic variation across the world.
Countries by Rural population
India ranks first with a rural population of 937,610,709, nearly double that of second-ranked China at 480,535,177. At the other end, 12 countries including Bahrain, Singapore, and Kuwait record a rural population of exactly zero. The gap across 216 countries spans from nearly one billion to nothing.
Countries by Rural population (% of total population)
Liechtenstein ranks first globally with 85.34% of its population living in rural areas, according to 2024 World Bank data covering 216 countries. At the other extreme, 12 countries including Singapore, Kuwait, Monaco, and Hong Kong SAR register 0% rural population. The 85-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking reflects the full spectrum of settlement patterns across the world.
Countries by Urban population (% of total population)
Twelve countries and territories register 100% urban population in 2024, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Singapore, and Hong Kong SAR, China. At the other end of the ranking, Liechtenstein ranks 216th with just 14.66%, and Papua New Guinea ranks 215th at 15.41%. The 85-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom reflects the wide variation in how populations are distributed across urban and rural areas worldwide.
Countries by Urban population
China ranks 1st with an urban population of 928,439,823, more than 415 million ahead of 2nd-ranked India at 513,325,082. At the other end, Liechtenstein ranks 216th with just 5,929 urban residents. The gap between the extremes spans a range of over 15.6 million percent, reflecting the vast differences in country size, population density, and urbanization rates worldwide.
Agriculture
Countries by Fertilizer consumption (% of fertilizer production)
Estonia ranks 1st with fertilizer consumption at 20,163.27% of its domestic production, meaning it consumes far more than it produces through heavy reliance on imports. At the opposite end, Bahrain ranks 84th at just 0.06%, consuming almost none of what it produces. The spread between these two countries — spanning over 32 million percent — reflects the degree to which nations depend on or export their fertilizer output.
Countries by Agricultural land (% of land area)
Côte d'Ivoire leads all 209 countries at 86.48% of land dedicated to agriculture. Suriname ranks last at just 0.45%, its territory dominated by forest. This 19,331% spread reflects how radically geography shapes land use across the globe.
Countries by Arable land (hectares)
India commands 153.8 million hectares of arable land, more than any country on Earth. The Faroe Islands, by contrast, have just 70 hectares—barely enough for a small farm. This 219-billion-percent gap across 206 countries reflects geography's decisive role in agricultural capacity.
Countries by Arable land (% of land area)
Bangladesh dedicates 60.63% of its entire land area to arable farming, the highest share of any country. The Faroe Islands commit just 0.05%, with ocean and rocky terrain dominating the landscape. This 1,200-fold difference across 206 countries reveals how geography determines which nations depend entirely on farming versus those where agriculture is marginal.
Countries by Forest area (sq. km)
Russia controls 8.15 million square kilometers of forest—more than any nation on Earth, spanning eleven time zones. Qatar, Monaco, and Gibraltar have zero forest area, their landscapes entirely desert, urban, or rock. This gulf—from boreal taiga to desert—reflects how climate and geography determine a country's forest inheritance.
Countries by Forest area (% of land area)
Suriname leads with 94.45% of its territory covered in forest. Qatar and a handful of other arid desert nations report 0% forest coverage. The 999% spread across 213 countries reflects how profoundly climate and geography shape forest presence globally.
Countries by Average precipitation in depth (mm per year)
Colombia receives 3,240 mm of rain annually, more than any other country. Egypt endures just 18.1 mm per year, the lowest by far. This 17,800% gap reflects how dramatically geographic location determines water availability across 182 countries.
Countries by Cereal production (metric tons)
China leads global cereal production with 641,731,705.88 metric tons, nearly 39% more than second-ranked United States at 462,631,789.82 metric tons. At the other end, Malta and Nauru both recorded zero production. The gap between the top and bottom reflects the combined influence of arable land area, population scale, and agricultural infrastructure across 181 ranked countries.
Countries by Crop production index (2014-2016 = 100)
Senegal's crop production nearly doubled between 2014-2016 and 2022, reaching an index of 189.93. Malta's production fell to 53.79, less than half the baseline period. This 253% spread reveals a starkly different global agricultural reality: developing nations expanding output while wealthy countries' production stagnates or declines.
Countries by Food production index (2014-2016 = 100)
Senegal's food output has expanded 77% since the 2014-2016 baseline, ranking first globally. The Gambia's production has shrunk 29%, falling to 71.08. This 150% spread across 195 countries reveals that while some nations are dramatically expanding food capacity, others face stagnation or decline—with developed nations much closer to baseline than in crop production alone.
Countries by Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
Oman produces 29,147 kilograms of cereal per hectare—an extraordinary yield sustained by intensive irrigation in the Arabian desert. Cabo Verde produces just 23 kg per hectare, its arid volcanic terrain yielding almost nothing. This 126,600-fold difference reveals that agricultural technology and climate determine whether land feeds millions or sustains merely subsistence production.
Countries by Aquaculture production (metric tons)
China leads all countries in aquaculture production at 78,276,940.6 metric tons, a figure so large it exceeds the combined output of every other country in this 215-country ranking. At the opposite end, 19 countries including Andorra, Comoros, and Somalia report zero production. The gap between first and last reflects the extreme concentration of aquaculture activity across the globe.
Countries by Total fisheries production (metric tons)
China ranks first in total fisheries production with 91,701,645 metric tons, a figure that dwarfs every other country in the dataset. At the other end of the scale, five countries — Andorra, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Mongolia, and San Marino — report zero production. The gap between first and last reflects the vast differences in coastline, inland water resources, aquaculture capacity, and population scale across the 215 countries ranked.
Countries by Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$)
China ranks first in agriculture, forestry, and fishing value added at $1.27 trillion, nearly double second-ranked India at $636.7 billion. At the other end, San Marino records just $306,020. That gap of over four billion percent separates the world's largest agricultural economy from the smallest.
Countries by Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks 1st with an agriculture, forestry, and fishing value added of 23,245,097,460,110,300 LCU, a figure driven by its heavily inflated local currency scale. At the other extreme, San Marino ranks 201st at just 282,980 LCU. The gap of more than 8,214 trillion percent between top and bottom reflects how radically local currency units differ across economies, making cross-country comparison of raw values largely meaningless without currency conversion.
Countries by Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$)
China ranks 1st in agriculture, forestry, and fishing value added at $1.316 trillion (constant 2015 US$), more than 2.5 times the value of 2nd-ranked India at $521.4 billion. At the other end, San Marino ranks 200th at just $262,294. The gap of over five orders of magnitude reflects the vast differences in land area, rural population size, and sector scale across the 200 countries covered.
Countries by Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks first with an agriculture, forestry, and fishing value added of 8,165,671,623,726,800 constant LCU, a figure that dwarfs every other country in this ranking. At the opposite end, San Marino records just 213,789 constant LCU, placing 192nd. The gap between first and last exceeds 3,819,499,027,071% in spread, reflecting how deeply incomparable national currencies make direct cross-country comparison on this metric.
Countries by Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
The Syrian Arab Republic ranks 1st globally with agriculture, forestry, and fishing accounting for 43.06% of GDP, the highest share among 201 countries measured. At the other end, San Marino ranks 201st at just 0.015% of GDP. The gap of more than 43 percentage points reflects how differently economies depend on primary sector activity.
Finance
Countries by Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (current US$)
The United States ranks first in market capitalization of listed domestic companies at $62,185,685,320,000, more than five times the second-ranked country, China, at $11,755,757,950,000. At the other end of the ranking, Qatar sits at rank 88 with just $170,320,000. The gap between first and last spans over 36 million percent, reflecting the extreme concentration of listed equity value in a small number of markets.
Countries by Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (% of GDP)
Hong Kong SAR, China leads all 88 ranked countries with a market capitalization of listed domestic companies equal to 1,118.24% of GDP, more than four times the value of second-ranked South Africa at 245.72%. At the other end, Qatar registers just 0.08% of GDP, and Algeria sits just above it at 0.19%. The gap between the top and bottom spans over 1,100 percentage points, reflecting extreme variation in the size and depth of equity markets relative to national economies.
Countries by Listed domestic companies, total
China ranks 1st with 11,231 listed domestic companies, more than double the combined totals of Canada (4,226) and the United States (4,010), which rank 2nd and 3rd respectively. At the other end, the Cayman Islands ranks 87th with just 4 listed companies. The 280,675% spread between top and bottom reflects how differently national stock exchange ecosystems have developed across the world.
Countries by Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP)
Hong Kong SAR, China ranks first globally for domestic credit to private sector by banks, with bank credit reaching 231.0% of GDP — more than double the global median and nearly 1,200 times the value recorded by last-placed Somalia at 0.00019% of GDP. China ranks second at 194.2%, followed by Switzerland at 170.4%. The gap between the top and bottom of the ranking reflects wide variation in the depth and reach of banking systems across economies.
Countries by Bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%)
Libya ranks first among 148 countries with a bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio of 214.12%, meaning liquid reserves more than double total bank assets by this measure. At the other end, Norway ranks last at just 1.05%. That 20,000-percentage-point spread reflects the extraordinary variation in how banking systems across the world hold and deploy liquid assets.
Countries by Total reserves (includes gold, current US$)
China ranks 1st in total reserves with $3.46 trillion, more than double the $1.23 trillion held by Japan in 2nd place. At the other end, Sao Tome and Principe ranks 177th with just $46.2 million. The gap between top and bottom spans more than 7.4 million percent.
Countries by Total reserves in months of imports
Libya ranks first globally with 31.57 months of imports covered by total reserves, more than double the second-ranked Afghanistan at 16.63 months. At the other end, Luxembourg holds just 0.06 months of import cover. The 52,466% spread between top and bottom reflects the vast differences in trade volumes, resource wealth, and reserve management across 172 countries.
Countries by Total reserves minus gold (current US$)
China leads all 177 countries in total reserves minus gold with $3.26 trillion, more than double the second-ranked Japan at $1.16 trillion. At the other end, Sao Tome and Principe holds just $46.2 million. That gap of more than 70,000-fold reflects the extreme concentration of foreign reserve holdings among a small number of economies.
Countries by Net domestic credit (current LCU)
Viet Nam ranks 1st globally for net domestic credit in local currency units, recording a value of 12,108,290,082,835,600 LCU. At the opposite end, Afghanistan posts a negative value of -79,378,053,337 LCU, placing it 179th. The gap between first and last reflects both extreme differences in currency scale and the structural variation in how domestic credit is distributed across economies.
Countries by Net foreign assets (current LCU)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks first in net foreign assets expressed in local currency units, with a value of 2,473,743,911,927,340 LCU, while Sudan sits last at -3,958,975,544,353 LCU. The gap between first and last spans more than 2.4 quadrillion to nearly negative 4 trillion in their respective local currencies. Because each country's figure is denominated in its own currency, the spread reflects both monetary positions and exchange rate scaling rather than a single comparable unit.
Countries by Monetary Sector credit to private sector (% GDP)
Hong Kong SAR, China ranks first with domestic credit to the private sector at 231.0% of GDP, meaning the stock of private credit is more than twice the size of its entire economy. At the other end, Somalia records a near-zero value of 0.00019% of GDP. The gap of more than 231 percentage points across 179 countries reflects the wide range in financial sector depth worldwide.
Countries by Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average)
Lebanon ranks 1st with an official exchange rate of 89,500 local currency units per US dollar in 2024, the highest among 211 countries measured. At the opposite end, Kuwait ranks 211th at just 0.307 LCU per dollar. The gap between the extremes spans nearly 29.2 million percent, reflecting the enormous variation in how currencies are valued against the US dollar across the world.
Countries by PPP conversion factor, GDP (LCU per international $)
Iran ranks first among 202 countries with a PPP conversion factor of 118,268.07 LCU per international dollar, meaning far more Iranian rials are needed to match one international dollar of purchasing power than any other currency. At the opposite end, Bahrain ranks 202nd with a factor of just 0.17. The range between these two endpoints — spanning more than 71 million percent — reflects the vast differences in price levels and currency values across economies.
Countries by Price level ratio of PPP conversion factor (GDP) to market exchange rate
Bermuda ranks first with a price level ratio of 1.150, meaning goods and services there cost about 15% more than in the United States when measured against the US dollar. At the other end, Nigeria ranks 201st with a ratio of 0.119, roughly one-tenth of Bermuda's value. The gap between top and bottom spans 863.6%, reflecting the wide divergence in domestic price levels relative to the US benchmark.
Countries by PPP conversion factor, private consumption (LCU per international $)
Iran, Islamic Rep. ranks first with a PPP conversion factor of 113,984.90 LCU per international dollar, reflecting an extremely weak local currency relative to purchasing power parity. At the opposite end, Zimbabwe records just 0.03, a spread of nearly 393 million percent between the top and bottom. That gap illustrates the vast range of price levels and currency valuations captured across 207 economies.
Countries by Real effective exchange rate index (2010 = 100)
Venezuela ranks 1st with a real effective exchange rate index of 741.70, more than 13 times the value of last-placed Japan at 55.02. The 1,248% spread between top and bottom reflects vastly different inflation trajectories and currency movements relative to each country's 2010 baseline. This ranking covers 95 countries using World Bank data for 2024.
Business
Countries by Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Overall score (scale 0-100)
Which countries actually know themselves best — and which are flying blind?
Countries by Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 1 data use score (scale 0-100)
Fifty-nine countries, spanning Western Europe, Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa, share the top rank with a perfect score of 100 on the 2024 Statistical Performance Indicators Pillar 1 data use index. At the opposite end, Equatorial Guinea and North Korea score just 10, the lowest recorded value. The 90-point gap between the top and bottom reflects the wide disparity in how statistical systems serve their users across the globe.
Countries by Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 2 data services score (scale 0-100)
Malaysia leads 190 countries in the World Bank's Statistical Performance Indicators (SPI) Pillar 2 data services score with a value of 99.67, while Turkmenistan ranks last at 5.30. The gap of more than 94 points between first and last reflects profound differences in the quality, accessibility, and richness of national statistical data services worldwide.
Countries by Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 3 data products score (scale 0-100)
Mexico leads all 215 countries in the Statistical Performance Indicators Pillar 3 data products score with a value of 92.22, while Isle of Man sits last at 12.78. That gap of nearly 80 points reflects the wide disparity in national statistical systems' ability to produce indicators across social, economic, environmental, and institutional dimensions. The metric covers every country in the World Bank dataset, with scores ranging from below 13 to above 92.
Countries by Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 4 data sources score (scale 0-100)
Singapore leads 189 countries with a Pillar 4 data sources score of 95.88 out of 100, while South Sudan sits at the bottom with a score of 9.74. The 86-point gap between first and last reflects the wide disparity in how countries generate and access statistical data from censuses, administrative systems, geospatial sources, and private or citizen-generated inputs.
Countries by Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 5 data infrastructure score (scale 0-100)
Australia, New Zealand, Norway, Russia, and Turkiye each score a perfect 100 out of 100 on the World Bank's SPI Pillar 5 data infrastructure index for 2024, placing them at rank 1 among 191 countries. At the other end, Eritrea scores just 10, the lowest of any country measured. The 90-point gap between the top and bottom reflects the wide variation in countries' legislative frameworks, institutional governance, and statistical standards.
Countries by SPI Overall Score
Norway scores 94.14 on the Statistical Performance Indicators, indicating a fully developed national statistics system. South Sudan scores 27.12, reflecting post-conflict institutional collapse and minimal statistical capacity. This 247% spread reveals a stark global divide: wealthy democracies maintain robust statistical systems, while fragile states struggle to count themselves.
Countries by SPI Pillar 1: Data Use
Albania and 68 other countries score a perfect 100 on the data use pillar, measuring how effectively their statistical systems serve decision-makers. North Korea and Equatorial Guinea score 10, the lowest possible. This 900% spread across 216 countries reveals stark differences in how governments, legislators, and civil society access and use data.
Countries by SPI Pillar 2: Data Services
Malaysia achieves 99.67 on the data services pillar, nearly perfect accessibility and user-friendliness of statistical information. Turkmenistan scores 5.3, with data locked behind barriers or simply unavailable to the public. This 1,781% spread reveals that openness and accessibility of statistics—not just producing them—divide thriving information economies from secretive or failing states.
Countries by SPI Pillar 3: Data Products
Mexico leads globally with a data products score of 92.22, excelling at producing comprehensive statistical outputs like national accounts and price indices. Isle of Man scores 12.78, producing minimal statistical indicators. This 622% spread reveals that countries differ dramatically in their ability to generate the statistical outputs that governments, businesses, and researchers need to function.
Countries by SPI Pillar 4: Data Sources
Singapore scores 95.88 on the data sources pillar, indicating robust census, survey, and administrative data infrastructure. South Sudan scores 9.74, reflecting near-total absence of data collection capacity. This 884% spread reveals the vast gulf between countries with functioning statistical collection systems and those torn by conflict or collapse.
Countries by SPI Pillar 5: Data Infrastructure
Australia, Norway, New Zealand, Russia, and Turkey all achieve a perfect 100 on the data infrastructure pillar, indicating comprehensive statistical system foundations. Eritrea scores 10.0, reflecting minimal institutional, legal, or technological infrastructure for statistics. This 900% spread reflects the vast difference between countries with robust statistical institutions and those with nearly no organizational or technical capacity to collect or analyze data.
Technology
Countries by Scientific and technical journal articles
China led all countries in scientific and technical journal articles in 2022 with 898,949 articles, more than double the second-ranked United States at 457,335. At the other end, Nauru recorded just 0.27 articles. That gap of over 332 million percentage points in spread reflects the extreme concentration of scientific output among a small number of countries.
Countries by Patent applications, nonresidents
The United States ranked first for nonresident patent applications in 2021, receiving 329,229 filings, more than double the 159,019 recorded by second-ranked China. At the other end of the ranking, Albania, Cabo Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Estonia, Malawi, and Tanzania each recorded just 1 application. The gap between the top and bottom reflects the extreme concentration of international patent activity in a small number of jurisdictions.
Countries by Patent applications, residents
China ranked 1st in resident patent applications in 2021 with 1,426,644 filings, more than five times the United States at 2nd with 262,244. At the bottom of the 148-country ranking, twelve countries each recorded just 1 application. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans over 142 million percent.
Countries by Trademark applications, nonresident, by count
The United States ranked first globally for nonresident trademark applications in 2021, recording 347,735 filings — more than 2,480 times the 140 logged by Somalia at rank 156. China ranked second at 261,982, and the United Kingdom third at 227,170. The gap between the top and bottom reflects wide differences in how actively foreign entities target specific markets for intellectual property protection.
Countries by Trademark applications, resident, by count
China recorded 9,192,753 resident trademark applications in 2021, placing it first by an enormous margin over second-ranked United States at 551,764. At the other end, Tonga filed just 3 applications, and Sao Tome and Principe filed 4. The gap between first and last spans more than 300 million percent.
Countries by Mobile cellular subscriptions
China tops the global ranking of mobile cellular subscriptions with 1,824,420,000 subscriptions in 2023, followed by India at 1,158,550,000. At the other end, Tuvalu records just 9,878 subscriptions, rank 210 of 210. The gap between first and last spans more than 18 billion percent, reflecting the vast differences in population size and market scale across the 210 countries covered.
Countries by Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
Hong Kong SAR, China ranks 1st globally for mobile cellular subscriptions with 319.49 per 100 people in 2023, meaning the territory has more than three active subscriptions for every resident. At the other end, Micronesia, Fed. Sts. ranks 210th with just 19.99 per 100. That gap of nearly 300 percentage points reflects wide variation in mobile infrastructure, population density, and multiple-SIM usage patterns across 210 countries.
Countries by Fixed telephone subscriptions
China ranks first globally with 179,414,000 fixed telephone subscriptions, more than double the United States at rank 2 with 84,830,000. At the other end, six countries including Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Guinea report zero subscriptions. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans nearly 180 million lines.
Countries by Fixed broadband subscriptions
China recorded 636,306,000 fixed broadband subscriptions in 2023, ranking first globally by a wide margin over the United States at 131,028,000 (rank 2). At the opposite end, Chad recorded zero subscriptions (rank 208). The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans more than 636 million connections.
Countries by Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people)
Gibraltar ranks first in fixed broadband subscriptions with 60.97 per 100 people, meaning subscriptions effectively outnumber residents. Chad sits at the opposite end with a recorded value of zero. The gap between first and last spans the full range of global connectivity infrastructure.
Development
Countries by External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$)
China carries $2.42 trillion in total external debt, an amount exceeding the combined debt of the next three largest debtors. Tonga carries only $173 million. This 1.4 million percent spread reflects a fundamental reality: large developing economies run up massive foreign borrowings, while small island nations borrow modest sums relative to their scale.
Countries by External debt stocks (% of GNI)
Mozambique owes $15.5 billion in external debt, which equals 350.6% of its annual gross national income—making external debt repayment impossible without massive debt relief or economic transformation. Iran carries 2.2% external debt relative to GNI, one of the lowest burdens globally. This 15,743% spread reveals how relative debt burden differs radically from absolute debt: countries with modest debts can be crippled by repayment obligations, while countries with massive debts can manage them if GNI is large enough.
Countries by Use of IMF credit (DOD, current US$)
China and Argentina each carry $47.2 billion in outstanding IMF credit—a tie for first place that reveals starkly different stories. China accesses IMF facilities as a major economy; Argentina relies on recurring IMF bailouts during debt crises. Bhutan carries $33.3 million, showing that small nations borrow minimally from the IMF. This 141,652% spread reflects how IMF lending concentrates on crisis-hit and emerging market nations, while wealthy developed nations rarely draw on IMF credit.
Countries by IBRD loans and IDA credits (DOD, current US$)
India owes $38.7 billion to the World Bank through IBRD loans and IDA credits—nearly double the next-largest borrower—reflecting decades of development infrastructure financing. Somalia, Russia, and Algeria carry zero World Bank debt, representing either repayment completion or exclusion from financing. This split reflects the World Bank's core mission: lending to developing nations for infrastructure, health, and education—a burden borne almost exclusively by poorer and middle-income countries.
Countries by Present value of external debt (% of GNI)
Senegal's present value of external debt equals 69.14% of GNI, which is roughly half its nominal external debt burden (150.7%)—a dramatic difference revealing favorable financing terms. Iran's present value is just 0.049% of GNI, the lowest globally. This discount effect shows how accounting for the timing of debt service changes debt burden assessment: countries with long repayment periods and low interest rates carry lower present value burdens than nominal debt stocks suggest.
Countries by Net official flows from UN agencies, UNFPA (current US$)
The Democratic Republic of Congo received $11.17 million from the UN Population Fund in 2023, the largest disbursement globally, reflecting the massive population growth and reproductive health needs of Africa's largest country. Chile received just $147,774, typical of upper-middle-income nations with lower population growth rates. This 7,459% spread shows how UNFPA concentrates resources on countries where population growth, maternal mortality, and family planning services are most needed.
Countries by Public and publicly guaranteed debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
Haiti devotes 57.2% of its export earnings to servicing public and publicly guaranteed debt—the highest burden globally and a mathematically unsustainable trajectory. Algeria, by contrast, dedicates just 0.19% of exports to debt service, reflecting its large oil export base and minimal public debt. This 30,715% spread reveals the stark difference between countries drowning in debt obligations and those with export-driven fiscal breathing room.
Countries by Multilateral debt service (% of public and publicly guaranteed debt service)
Afghanistan and Yemen both rank 1st with 100% of public and publicly guaranteed debt service directed to multilateral creditors, meaning every dollar of their tracked external debt service flows to institutions such as the World Bank and regional development banks. At the other extreme, the Syrian Arab Republic ranks 121st at 0%, and Russia ranks 120th at just 0.016%. The 100-percentage-point gap across the ranking reflects the wide variation in how countries structure their public external borrowing.
Energy
Countries by Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural (% of rural population)
Sixty-one countries, including Australia, Germany, Japan, and the United States, achieve 100% rural access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking as of 2023. At the opposite end, Central African Republic, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and South Sudan all register 0%. The 100-percentage-point gap between these groups reflects the full range of rural energy conditions captured across 189 countries.
Countries by Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, urban (% of urban population)
Sixty-one countries, including Australia, Germany, Japan, and the United States, achieve 100% urban access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking in 2023, meaning every measured urban resident uses clean cooking methods. At the other end, South Sudan records 0%, and Burundi reaches just 0.1%. The gap between these extremes spans the full width of the metric's possible range.
Countries by Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population)
61 countries, spanning Europe, North America, the Gulf, and parts of Latin America and Oceania, achieve 100% access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking as of 2023. At the other end, South Sudan ranks 189th with 0%, and Burundi ranks 188th with just 0.1%. The 100-percentage-point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking illustrates the extreme disparity in cooking energy access worldwide.
Countries by Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population)
A total of 127 countries share rank 1 with 100% rural access to electricity, ranging from large economies such as the United States and China to smaller territories such as Aruba and Bermuda. At the opposite end, Chad ranks 210th with just 0.4% of its rural population having access to electricity. The gap between the top and bottom of this ranking spans nearly the full possible range of the metric.
Countries by Access to electricity (% of population)
At least 127 countries achieve 100% access to electricity, led by a wide range of nations from Albania to Uzbekistan. At the other end, South Sudan ranks 214th with only 5.4% of its population having access. That 94.6 percentage point gap between the top and bottom of the ranking illustrates the scale of disparity in electricity access globally.
Countries by Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)
Bhutan ranks 1st with 100% of its electricity generated from renewable sources, while Comoros, Gibraltar, and Sint Maarten sit at the bottom with 0%. Across 208 countries, the gap between the highest and lowest values spans the full possible range of the metric. The ranking shows that both small economies and large ones appear at both extremes.
Geography
Countries by Coastline Length
Did you know Canada has the world's longest coastline—more than 10 times longer than the United States? Measuring coastlines is also far trickier than it sounds, thanks to the fractal nature of geography.
Countries by highest elevation
Did you know Bhutan's average elevation is higher than the tallest peak in most European countries? The world's rooftops are more extreme — and more ecologically critical — than most people realize.
Countries by land area
Did you know Russia is nearly twice the size of Antarctica and covers 11 time zones? The world's landmass is distributed far more unevenly than most people ever stop to consider.
Countries by lowest elevation
Did you know parts of the Netherlands sit nearly 7 meters below sea level, protected only by an elaborate system of dikes? As seas rise, low elevation is no longer just a geographic quirk — it's an existential risk.
Countries by land borders
Did you know China shares land borders with 14 different countries — more than almost any nation on Earth? The length and number of borders is a hidden driver of geopolitical risk and opportunity.
Tourism
Countries by International tourism, receipts for travel items (current US$)
The United States ranked first in international tourism receipts for travel items in 2020, recording $72.81 billion — more than double second-ranked France at $32.65 billion. At the other end, Kiribati recorded just $30,000, placing 193rd. The gap between first and last spans over 242 million percent, reflecting extreme variation in tourism scale across countries.
Countries by International tourism, expenditures for travel items (current US$)
China ranks 1st in international tourism expenditures with $130.5 billion in 2020, more than three times the second-ranked Germany at $38.8 billion. At the other end, South Sudan ranks 193rd with just $1 million. The gap between top and bottom spans over 13 million percent, reflecting vast differences in outbound travel capacity across economies.
Countries by International tourism, expenditures (current US$)
Germany ranks 1st in international tourism expenditures with $101.23 billion in 2020, more than double the United States at rank 2 with $48.84 billion. At the other end, Samoa ranks 183rd with just $1.8 million. The gap between first and last spans over 5.6 million percent, reflecting vast differences in outbound travel capacity across economies.
Countries by International tourism, expenditures (% of total imports)
Qatar ranks 1st in international tourism expenditures as a share of total imports, with outbound tourism spending equal to 19.48% of its import bill in 2020. At the other end, Sudan ranks 178th at just 0.16%, a gap of more than 119 percentage points. That spread reflects how unevenly tourism spending weighs on national import structures across economies of vastly different sizes and trade profiles.