Countries by Control of Corruption: Number of Sources

Ghana ranks 1st globally with 15 sources contributing to its Control of Corruption score, the highest of any country in the 2023 dataset. At the other end, eight countries including American Samoa, Andorra, and Bermuda register just 1 source each, ranking 198th. The 14-point gap between the top and bottom reflects how unevenly survey and expert coverage is distributed across countries in this governance dataset.

Governance category

Ranking 2023

Countries by Control of Corruption: Number of Sources
Rank	Country	Value
1	Ghana	15
2	Côte d'Ivoire	14
2	Sierra Leone	14
2	Tanzania	14
5	Cameroon	13
5	Gambia	13
5	Kenya	13
5	Liberia	13
5	Madagascar	13
5	Malawi	13
5	Mali	13
5	Nigeria	13
5	Senegal	13
5	Togo	13
5	Zimbabwe	13
16	Bangladesh	12
16	Benin	12
16	Bulgaria	12
16	Burkina Faso	12
16	DR Congo	12
16	Estonia	12
16	Guinea	12
16	Hungary	12
16	India	12
16	Indonesia	12
16	Kyrgyzstan	12
16	Lesotho	12
16	Mozambique	12
16	Niger	12
16	Pakistan	12
16	Philippines	12
16	Romania	12
16	Slovakia	12
16	Uganda	12
16	Zambia	12
36	Botswana	11
36	Cambodia	11
36	Chad	11
36	Colombia	11
36	Croatia	11
36	Czechia	11
36	El Salvador	11
36	Ethiopia	11
36	Honduras	11
36	Latvia	11
36	Lithuania	11
36	Mauritania	11
36	Mexico	11
36	Mongolia	11
36	Morocco	11
36	Nepal	11
36	Peru	11
36	Poland	11
36	Rwanda	11
36	Singapore	11
36	Slovenia	11
36	South Africa	11
36	Sudan	11
36	Tunisia	11
60	Angola	10
60	Argentina	10
60	Austria	10
60	Bolivia	10
60	Brazil	10
60	Chile	10
60	Republic of Congo	10
60	Costa Rica	10
60	France	10
60	Germany	10
60	Greece	10
60	Hong Kong	10
60	Kazakhstan	10
60	South Korea	10
60	Malaysia	10
60	Mauritius	10
60	Paraguay	10
60	Portugal	10
60	Spain	10
60	Thailand	10
60	United States	10
60	Uzbekistan	10
60	Vietnam	10
83	Albania	9
83	Australia	9
83	Belgium	9
83	Bosnia and Herzegovina	9
83	Canada	9
83	Central African Republic	9
83	China	9
83	Cyprus	9
83	Denmark	9
83	Dominican Republic	9
83	Ecuador	9
83	Egypt	9
83	Finland	9
83	Gabon	9
83	Georgia	9
83	Guatemala	9
83	Haiti	9
83	Ireland	9
83	Italy	9
83	Jamaica	9
83	Japan	9
83	Jordan	9
83	Kosovo	9
83	Luxembourg	9
83	Montenegro	9
83	Namibia	9
83	Netherlands	9
83	New Zealand	9
83	North Macedonia	9
83	Panama	9
83	Serbia	9
83	Sri Lanka	9
83	Sweden	9
83	Türkiye	9
83	Ukraine	9
83	Uruguay	9
83	Venezuela	9
120	Afghanistan	8
120	Algeria	8
120	Armenia	8
120	Burundi	8
120	Cabo Verde	8
120	Djibouti	8
120	Eritrea	8
120	Eswatini	8
120	Guinea-Bissau	8
120	Kuwait	8
120	Laos	8
120	Malta	8
120	Moldova	8
120	Myanmar	8
120	Nicaragua	8
120	Papua New Guinea	8
120	Russia	8
120	Sao Tome and Principe	8
120	Saudi Arabia	8
120	Somalia	8
120	Tajikistan	8
120	Trinidad and Tobago	8
120	United Arab Emirates	8
120	United Kingdom	8
120	Yemen	8
145	Bahrain	7
145	Belarus	7
145	Bhutan	7
145	Comoros	7
145	Iceland	7
145	Iran	7
145	Iraq	7
145	Israel	7
145	Lebanon	7
145	Libya	7
145	Norway	7
145	Qatar	7
145	South Sudan	7
145	Switzerland	7
145	Timor-Leste	7
160	Azerbaijan	6
160	Barbados	6
160	Guyana	6
160	Oman	6
160	Suriname	6
160	Syria	6
160	Vanuatu	6
167	Bahamas	5
167	Cuba	5
167	Equatorial Guinea	5
167	North Korea	5
167	Seychelles	5
167	Solomon Islands	5
167	Turkmenistan	5
167	Palestine	5
175	Belize	4
175	Fiji	4
175	Grenada	4
175	Maldives	4
175	Puerto Rico	4
175	Samoa	4
181	Brunei	3
181	Dominica	3
181	Kiribati	3
181	Macao	3
181	Marshall Islands	3
181	Micronesia	3
181	Saint Lucia	3
181	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	3
181	Tonga	3
181	Tuvalu	3
191	Antigua and Barbuda	2
191	Aruba	2
191	Cayman Islands	2
191	Liechtenstein	2
191	Nauru	2
191	Palau	2
191	Saint Kitts and Nevis	2
198	American Samoa	1
198	Andorra	1
198	Bermuda	1
198	Greenland	1
198	Guam	1
198	Monaco	1
198	San Marino	1
198	U.S. Virgin Islands	1

Analysis

This metric counts the number of underlying data sources used to construct each country's Control of Corruption indicator under the World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators project. The indicator code is CC.NO.SRC, and the unit is an absolute count of sources, where higher values indicate broader evidential coverage. According to the source definition, the Worldwide Governance Indicators summarize 'the views on the quality of governance provided by a large number of enterprise, citizen and expert survey respondents in industrial and developing countries,' covering 'the traditions and institutions by which authority in a country is exercised,' including 'the process by which governments are selected.' The 2023 dataset covers 205 countries, meeting the 80-country coverage threshold comfortably. All 205 countries have data from within the last seven years, all data points are classified as official quality, and no extreme outliers were identified using a 3-standard-deviation threshold. Values range from 1 to 15, a spread of 1,400 percent.

Ghana tops the ranking at 15 sources, followed by Cote d'Ivoire, Sierra Leone, and Tanzania, each at 14 sources (rank 2). Eleven countries share rank 5 with 13 sources, including Nigeria, Kenya, Senegal, Malawi, and Zimbabwe. A large cohort of 20 countries sits at rank 16 with 12 sources, including India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Estonia, and Hungary. These high source counts are concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa and a mix of South and Southeast Asian and Eastern European nations, reflecting the presence of multiple enterprise surveys, citizen surveys, and expert assessments operating in those countries.

Several counterintuitive placements appear in the middle and lower tiers. High-income nations such as the United States, Germany, France, Japan, and Australia score between 9 and 10 sources, placing them at ranks 60 to 83, well below many lower-income African countries. The United Kingdom ranks 120th with only 8 sources, alongside countries such as Afghanistan, Somalia, and Myanmar. Switzerland and Norway rank 145th with 7 sources each. The lowest tier, ranks 191 through 198, consists almost entirely of small territories and micro-jurisdictions, including Aruba, Cayman Islands, Liechtenstein, and Monaco, which register just 1 to 2 sources.

This metric measures only the quantity of sources, not their quality, reliability, or agreement. A country with 15 sources is not necessarily better governed or more accurately assessed than one with 8; it simply has more underlying data inputs. Source counts can be higher where international survey programs are more active, which may reflect organizational capacity or geographic focus rather than governance conditions. Countries at the bottom of this ranking may have sparse source counts due to limited survey infrastructure, conflict, restricted access, or small population size, all of which can affect data collection independently of actual corruption levels. Users should treat this indicator as a measure of data coverage, not governance performance.

Methodology

Metric: Control of Corruption: Number of Sources. Indicator code: CC.NO.SRC. Data source: World Bank World Development Indicators. Data year: 2023. Unit: absolute count of underlying data sources; higher values indicate greater source coverage. The source definition states that the Worldwide Governance Indicators are 'a research dataset summarizing the views on the quality of governance provided by a large number of enterprise, citizen and expert survey respondents in industrial and developing countries,' where 'governance consists of the traditions and institutions by which authority in a country is exercised,' including 'the process by which governments are selected.' Country coverage: 205 countries, well above the 80-country viability threshold. Recency: 100 percent of countries have data from within the last seven years. Data quality: 100 percent of data points are classified as official. Outliers: zero extreme outliers detected at the 3-standard-deviation threshold. Volatility: average year-over-year change of 4.5 percent, well below the 50 percent threshold. Value range: 1 to 15, a spread of 1,400 percent. No microstates below 1 million population are present in the dataset. This indicator measures source count only and does not reflect governance quality or corruption levels directly.

Sources

World Bank