Countries by Medium and high-tech exports (% manufactured exports)

The Philippines ranks first among 153 countries with 80.02% of its manufactured exports classified as medium and high-tech, while Iraq ranks last at just 0.04%. The gap between first and last spans nearly 80 percentage points. The ranking shows no simple correlation between country size, wealth, or region and technology export intensity.

Trade category

Ranking 2022

Values shown in %.

Countries by Medium and high-tech exports (% manufactured exports)
Rank	Country	%
1	Philippines	80.02
2	Central African Republic	79.63
3	Japan	78.43
4	Mexico	78.22
5	Hungary	75.19
6	Singapore	73.50
7	South Korea	71.87
8	Germany	71.71
9	Malta	70.87
10	Czechia	70.66
11	Slovakia	69.91
12	Switzerland	69.87
13	Slovenia	68.34
14	Nigeria	67.83
15	Israel	65.80
16	Bermuda	65.78
17	Morocco	64.92
18	North Macedonia	64.92
19	United Kingdom	63.43
20	Malaysia	63.18
21	Thailand	61.93
22	France	61.31
23	China	60.47
24	Austria	60.29
25	Ireland	59.71
26	United States	59.63
27	Romania	59.40
28	Vietnam	57.48
29	Denmark	57.28
30	Sweden	56.77
31	Belgium	56.41
32	Gabon	54.76
33	Costa Rica	54.10
34	Poland	53.91
35	Netherlands	53.14
36	Spain	52.78
37	Italy	52.38
38	Malawi	52.07
39	Estonia	51.48
40	Canada	50.37
41	Iran	49.66
42	Tunisia	47.75
43	Republic of Congo	47.46
44	Finland	47.18
45	Luxembourg	45.85
46	Bulgaria	45.31
47	South Africa	45.27
48	Kazakhstan	45.00
49	Croatia	44.47
50	Azerbaijan	44.31
51	Honduras	43.95
52	Trinidad and Tobago	43.64
53	Serbia	43.39
54	Norway	43.08
55	Portugal	42.93
56	Lithuania	42.56
57	Argentina	41.95
58	Latvia	41.37
59	Suriname	40.49
60	Türkiye	40.27
61	Jordan	40.26
62	Colombia	39.32
63	Hong Kong	38.75
64	Lebanon	38.57
65	Armenia	36.74
66	Iceland	36.43
67	Belarus	36.27
68	Egypt	35.59
69	Montenegro	34.54
70	Brazil	34.01
71	India	33.83
72	Cyprus	33.20
73	Saint Lucia	32.68
74	Moldova	32.22
75	Indonesia	32.04
76	Paraguay	31.80
77	Qatar	31.26
78	Saudi Arabia	31.11
79	Russia	29.99
80	Georgia	29.64
81	Uzbekistan	29.48
82	Zambia	29.30
83	Ukraine	29.21
84	Uruguay	28.76
85	Bosnia and Herzegovina	28.63
86	Greece	27.58
87	Oman	26.77
88	Barbados	26.51
89	Bahrain	25.79
90	Albania	25.74
91	Guatemala	24.75
92	Tonga	23.45
93	Syria	22.69
94	Uganda	22.30
95	Côte d'Ivoire	22.06
96	Kyrgyzstan	21.62
97	Nicaragua	20.61
98	Cambodia	18.80
99	Kenya	18.52
100	Tanzania	18.36
101	El Salvador	18.03
102	Eswatini	17.63
103	New Zealand	16.44
104	Cuba	15.69
105	Gambia	15.08
106	Zimbabwe	15.00
107	Australia	14.95
108	Ethiopia	14.95
109	Ghana	14.69
110	Eritrea	14.67
111	Laos	13.82
112	Cameroon	13.12
113	Palestine	12.39
114	Mozambique	12.05
115	Angola	12.00
116	United Arab Emirates	11.79
117	Mauritius	11.35
118	Niger	11.10
119	Senegal	10.98
120	Pakistan	10.72
121	Sri Lanka	10.15
122	Venezuela	9.65
123	Myanmar	8.23
124	Fiji	8.15
125	Ecuador	7.77
126	Panama	7.69
127	Chile	7.60
128	Brunei	7.10
129	Bolivia	6.93
130	Libya	6.34
131	Kuwait	6.32
132	Nepal	6.25
133	Peru	5.63
134	Burundi	5.37
135	Papua New Guinea	5.24
136	Rwanda	4.26
137	Bahamas	4.09
138	Algeria	3.95
139	Botswana	3.85
140	Haiti	3.80
141	Madagascar	3.66
142	Mongolia	2.21
143	Tajikistan	2.07
144	Bangladesh	1.87
145	Maldives	1.66
146	Jamaica	1.38
147	Namibia	0.34
148	Afghanistan	0.34
149	Yemen	0.25
150	Belize	0.16
151	Cabo Verde	0.06
152	Macao	0.06
153	Iraq	0.04

Analysis

This metric measures the share of medium and high-tech manufactured exports in total manufactured exports, expressed as a percentage. A higher value indicates that a greater proportion of a country's manufactured export basket consists of medium or high-technology goods. The unit is percent, and the indicator covers only manufactured exports; primary commodities and services are excluded. Data come from the World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator code TX.MNF.TECH.ZS.UN, for the reference year 2022. The dataset covers 153 countries, with 100% of data points rated official quality and 99.3% drawn from 2022 itself, meeting all coverage and recency thresholds. No extreme outliers were identified using a 3-standard-deviation threshold. The value range runs from 0.04% (Iraq) to 80.02% (Philippines), a spread of over 213,000%.

The top of the ranking is dominated by a mix of East Asian manufacturing economies, European industrial exporters, and some unexpected entrants. The Philippines ranks first at 80.02%, followed by the Central African Republic at 79.63% and Japan at 78.43%. Mexico (78.22%, rank 4) and Hungary (75.19%, rank 5) also sit near the top. Established industrial exporters such as Germany (71.71%, rank 8), South Korea (71.87%, rank 7), and Switzerland (69.87%, rank 12) appear in the top 12. Singapore ranks 6th at 73.50%. These placements reflect the concentration of technology-intensive manufacturing in those countries' export structures.

Several placements stand out as counterintuitive. The Central African Republic ranks 2nd at 79.63%, ahead of Japan and Germany, which is unusual for a country not typically associated with technology manufacturing. Nigeria ranks 14th at 67.83% and Gabon ranks 32nd at 54.76%, both ahead of many high-income economies. At the lower end, the United Arab Emirates ranks 116th at 11.79%, well below regional neighbors such as Saudi Arabia (rank 78, 31.11%). Australia ranks 107th at 14.95% and New Zealand 103rd at 16.44%, both in the lower third of the ranking. Bangladesh sits at rank 144 with 1.87%, and Macao SAR, China ranks 152nd at 0.06% despite being a high-income territory.

This metric has notable limitations. It measures share, not volume, so a country with a very small manufacturing sector can rank highly if nearly all of it is tech-oriented. Conversely, large diversified exporters may rank lower because their manufactured export base is broad. The Central African Republic's 2nd-place ranking illustrates this: a small absolute manufacturing export base can yield a high percentage share. The indicator does not capture services exports, which are significant for some economies. Reporting consistency also varies; while 99.3% of data is from 2022, the remaining 0.7% may reflect earlier periods. Year-over-year volatility averages 36.7%, indicating that rankings can shift materially between periods, and single-year snapshots should be interpreted with caution.

Methodology

The metric is defined as the share of medium and high-tech manufactured exports in total manufactured exports. Data are sourced from the World Bank World Development Indicators, indicator code TX.MNF.TECH.ZS.UN, for the reference year 2022. The dataset covers 153 countries, all exceeding the 80-country coverage threshold. Of these, 153 out of 153 (100%) have data from within the last seven years, and 152 out of 153 (99.3%) have data specifically from 2022. All 100% of data points are classified as official quality, exceeding the 70% threshold. No extreme outliers were identified under a 3-standard-deviation test. Average year-over-year change is 36.7%, below the 50% volatility threshold. Values range from 0.04% (Iraq) to 80.02% (Philippines), representing a spread of over 213,000%. The indicator covers manufactured exports only; primary commodities and services are excluded. High share values may reflect a concentrated or small manufacturing base rather than large absolute technology export volumes.

Sources

World Bank